Finite Mathematics and Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)
Finite Mathematics and Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321979407
Author: Margaret L. Lial, Raymond N. Greenwell, Nathan P. Ritchey
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2.2, Problem 71E

Lights Out The Tiger Electronics’ game, Lights Out, consists of five rows of five lighted buttons. When a button is pushed, it changes the on/off status of it and the status of all of its vertical and horizontal neighbors. For any given situation where some of the lights are on and some are off, the goal of the game is to push buttons until all of the lights are turned off. It turns out that for any given array of lights, solving a system of equations can be used to develop a strategy for turning the lights out. The following system of equations can be used to solve the problem for a simplified version of the game with 2 rows of 2 buttons where all of the lights are initially turned on:

x 11 + x 12 + x 21 = 1 x 11 + x 12 + x 22 = 1 x 11 + x 21 + x 22 = 1 x 12 + x 21 + x 22 = 1 ,

where xij = 1 if the light in row i, column j, is on and xij = 0 when it is off. The order in which the buttons are pushed does not matter, so we are only seeking which buttons should be pushed. Source: Mathematics Magazine.

  1. (a) Solve this system of equations and determine a strategy to turn the lights out. (Hint: While doing row operations, if an odd number is found, immediately replace this value with a 1; if an even number is found, then immediately replace that number with a zero. This is called modulo 2 arithmetic, and it is necessary in problems dealing with on/off switches.)
  2. (b) Resolve the equation with the right side changed to (0, 1, 1,0).
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Chapter 2 Solutions

Finite Mathematics and Calculus with Applications (10th Edition)

Ch. 2.1 - Solve the system 2x+3y=123x4y=1.Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2YTCh. 2.1 - Prob. 3YTCh. 2.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 7E
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.1 - Use the echelon method to solve each system of two...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.1 - Use the echelon method to solve each system of two...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.1 - Solve each system of equations. Let z be the...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.1 - For each of the following systems of equations in...Ch. 2.1 - For each of the following systems of equations in...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.1 - Life Sciences 45. Birds The date of the first...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.1 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.1 - Flight Time A flight leaves New York at 8 P.M. and...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 49ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 1YTCh. 2.2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve the system...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3YTCh. 2.2 - Prob. 1WECh. 2.2 - Prob. 2WECh. 2.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.2 - On National Public Radio, the Weekend Edition...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.2 - Investments Katherine Chong invests 10,000...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2.2 - Loans To get the necessary funds for a planned...Ch. 2.2 - Manufacturing Nadir, Inc. produces three models of...Ch. 2.2 - Deliveries An electronics company produces three...Ch. 2.2 - Tents L.L. Bean makes three sizes of Ultra Dome...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2.2 - APPLY IT Transportation An auto manufacturer sends...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 55ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 56ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2.2 - Health The U.S. National Center for Health...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 63ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 64ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 65ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 66ECh. 2.2 - Baseball Ichiro Suzuki holds the American League...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 2.2 - Snack Food According to the nutrition labels on...Ch. 2.2 - Lights Out The Tiger Electronics game, Lights Out,...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 72ECh. 2.2 - Prob. 73ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 1YTCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2YTCh. 2.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.3 - Decide whether each statement is true or false. If...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.3 - Life Expectancy The following table gives the life...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 2.3 - Educational Attainment The following table gives...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 50ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 1YTCh. 2.4 - Prob. 2YTCh. 2.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.4 - The product matrix AB has the same number of...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.4 - Cost Analysis The Mundo Candy Company makes three...Ch. 2.4 - Shoe Sales Sals Shoes and Freds Footwear both have...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 2.4 - Prob. 57ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 1YTCh. 2.5 - Prob. 2YTCh. 2.5 - Prob. 3YTCh. 2.5 - Prob. 1WECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2WECh. 2.5 - Prob. 3WECh. 2.5 - Prob. 4WECh. 2.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 29ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 30ECh. 2.5 - Solve each system of equations by using the...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 32ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 33ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 36ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 37ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 38ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 39ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 40ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 41ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 42ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 43ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 44ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 45ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 46ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 47ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 48ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 49ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 50ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 51ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 52ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 53ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 54ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 55ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 56ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 57ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 58ECh. 2.5 - Solve each exercise by using the inverse of the...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 60ECh. 2.5 - Solve each exercise by using the inverse of the...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 63ECh. 2.5 - Encryption Use the matrices presented in Example 7...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 65ECh. 2.5 - Prob. 66ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 1YTCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2YTCh. 2.6 - Prob. 1WECh. 2.6 - Prob. 2WECh. 2.6 - Prob. 1ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 2ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 3ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 4ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 5ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 6ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 7ECh. 2.6 - Find the ratios of products A, B, and C using a...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 9ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 10ECh. 2.6 - Business and Economics Input-Output Open Model In...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 12ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 13ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 14ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 15ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 16ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 17ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 18ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 19ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 20ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 21ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 22ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 23ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 24ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 25ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 26ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 27ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 28ECh. 2.6 - Prob. 29ECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4RECh. 2 - Prob. 6RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14RECh. 2 - Determine whether each of the following statements...Ch. 2 - Prob. 16RECh. 2 - What is true about the number of solutions to a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18RECh. 2 - Solve each system by the echelon method. 19....Ch. 2 - Prob. 20RECh. 2 - Solve each system by the echelon method. 21....Ch. 2 - Prob. 22RECh. 2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2 - Prob. 24RECh. 2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2 - Prob. 26RECh. 2 - Use the Gauss-Jordan method to solve each system...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28RECh. 2 - Find the size of each matrix, find the values of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 30RECh. 2 - Find the size of each matrix, find the values of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 32RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 34RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 36RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 38RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 40RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 42RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 44RECh. 2 - Given the matrices...Ch. 2 - Prob. 46RECh. 2 - Find the inverse, if it exists, for each matrix....Ch. 2 - Prob. 48RECh. 2 - Find the inverse, if it exists, for each matrix....Ch. 2 - Prob. 50RECh. 2 - Find the inverse, if it exists, for each matrix....Ch. 2 - Prob. 52RECh. 2 - Find the inverse, if it exists, for each matrix....Ch. 2 - Prob. 54RECh. 2 - Solve the matrix equation AX = B for X using the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 56RECh. 2 - Solve the matrix equation AX = B for X using the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 58RECh. 2 - Solve each system of equations by inverses. 59....Ch. 2 - Prob. 60RECh. 2 - Prob. 61RECh. 2 - Prob. 62RECh. 2 - Prob. 63RECh. 2 - Prob. 64RECh. 2 - Prob. 65RECh. 2 - Prob. 66RECh. 2 - Production Requirements The Waputi Indians make...Ch. 2 - Prob. 68RECh. 2 - Prob. 69RECh. 2 - Prob. 70RECh. 2 - Prob. 71RECh. 2 - Prob. 72RECh. 2 - Input-Output An economy depends on two...Ch. 2 - Nebraska The 1970 economy of the state of Nebraska...Ch. 2 - Prob. 75RECh. 2 - Prob. 76RECh. 2 - CAT Scans (Refer to Exercise 76.) Four X-ray beams...Ch. 2 - Prob. 78RECh. 2 - Prob. 79RECh. 2 - Prob. 80RECh. 2 - Prob. 81RECh. 2 - Prob. 82RECh. 2 - Prob. 83RECh. 2 - Baseball In the 2009 Major League Baseball season,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85RE
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