Types of given reaction should be identified. Concept introduction: Electrophile (negative-charge loving) : A molecule or ion that accepts a pair of electrons to make a new covalent bond is called an electrophile. Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species, having vacant orbitals and attracted electron towards itself. Electrophilic substitution reactions: an electrophile replaces a functional group in a compound, which is typically, but not always, a hydrogen atom. Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are introducing functional groups onto benzene rings. The other main type of electrophilic substitution reaction is an electrophilic aliphatic substitution reaction. Nucleophiles (positive-charge loving) : A nucleophile is a more reactant species that affords a pair of electrons to the electrophile or electrophilic center and forms a new covalent bond. The carbon or other hetero atom in a molecule which is bearing negative charge or lone pair of electron is called as nucleophiles. Nucleophilic Substitution reaction : electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

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Chapter 23, Problem 23.90QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Types of given reaction should be identified.

Concept introduction:

Electrophile (negative-charge loving): A molecule or ion that accepts a pair of electrons to make a new covalent bond is called an electrophile.

Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species, having vacant orbitals and attracted electron towards itself.

Electrophilic substitution reactions: an electrophile replaces a functional group in a compound, which is typically, but not always, a hydrogen atom.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are introducing functional groups onto benzene rings. The other main type of electrophilic substitution reaction is an electrophilic aliphatic substitution reaction.

Nucleophiles (positive-charge loving): A nucleophile is a more reactant species that affords a pair of electrons to the electrophile or electrophilic center and forms a new covalent bond.

The carbon or other hetero atom in a molecule which is bearing negative charge or lone pair of electron is called as nucleophiles.

Nucleophilic Substitution reaction: electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.

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