Concept explainers
Interpretation:
5-Bromouracil causes mutations in DNA. Reason for this should be determined.
Concept introduction:
A parent DNA molecule consists of two poly
A base is nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound which is found in DNA and RNA.
There are mainly five nitrogen bases.
- (1) Adenine
- (2) Guanine
- (3) Cytosine
- (4) Thymine
- (5) Uracil
In DNA Adenine always makes a double bond with Thymine (
Enol is a tautomer which exhibiting a special type of functional isomerism namely tautomerism.
Tautomerism is a special type of functional isomerism in which isomers are in dynamic equilibrium with each other.
Mutation is the process that results in change in the sequence of the DNA, and the compound which causes mutation is known as mutagenic compound.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Trehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. OH но но но OH LOH он O'HO- он OH. OHOH HO trehalose maltose 1. Malthose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while maltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forwardTrehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. но но HO HO но "HO он но он OH O HO OHOH но trehalose maltose 1. Malthose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while maltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forwardDescribe the following sugar. OH HO- OH но OH Ketose, furanose, a Aldose, pyranose, a Ketose, furanose, B Aldose, pyranose, Barrow_forward
- 4. An iterative approach to oligosaccharide synthesis involves the use of protected glycals (sugars with C1-C2 double bond) as shown below. The product from the reaction of the first glycal with DMDO under anhydrous conditions is treated with another suitably-protected glycal to form a disaccharide glycal, and the process can be repeated to form a trisaccharide glycal, and so on... Crucial to the success of this approach is the stereoselective formation of the intermediate A in the scheme below. Draw the structure of A. DMDO CH₂Cl2 A OH ZnCl₂, THF OHarrow_forwardDraw the product when the following tripeptide is treated with each reagent.a. Please refer image b. H3O+c. C6H5NCSd. CH3OH, H+arrow_forwardC. Trehalose and maltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considereably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. HO НО НО HO Но HO OH Он HO OHOH Но trehalose maltose 1. Malthose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while maltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forward
- Ribose, a carbohydrate with the formula shown, forms a cyclic hemiacetal, which, in principle, could contain either a four-membered, five-membered, or six-membered ring. To determine which ring is formed, ribose is treated with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The products are then isolated and treated with NaIO4 then with H30*. OH Меон 1. NalO4 2. H30* A & B MEOH + products HO H. H* isomeric cyclic acetals with formula CgH1205 ÕH ÕH Ribose, C5H1005 Assuming that ribose formed a six-membered ring cyclic hemiacetal, draw the structure of compounds A and B.arrow_forwardIn glycoside formation, the hemiacetal functional group of a cyclic monosaccharide is converted to an acetal group by reaction with a(an)arrow_forwardHumans are able to digest amylose, but not cellulose. What structural features of these polysaccharides might be responsible for this? O amylose contains only beta glycosidic bonds where cellulose contains alpha glycosidic bonds O amylose contains only beta glycosidic bonds where cellulose contains alpha glycosidic bonds amylose contains only alpha peptide bonds where cellulose contains beta peptide bonds amylose contains only alpha glycosidic bonds where cellulose contains beta glycosidic bondsarrow_forward
- Which of the following represents an aldopentose? H. но. LO но но -H HO H -- HO H- -- Но -H HO H- но H- -O- -OH H- -OH H- -OH -O- OH OH HO HO. OH II II IV V Which of the following is NOT correctly paired? cellulose: beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage amylose: alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage chitosan: alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage cellubiose: beta-1,4-glycosidic linkage are involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and in the control of inflammation, while control tissue swelling by regulating cellular salt balance between Na+ and K+. glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids androgen, estrogen estrogen, androgen The type of glycosidic bond present in the structure is CH2OH H H. H CH2OH он OH H. -0 ÓH CH2OH он он OH H H CH2OH H ÓH он H. H H. Он OH но H OHarrow_forwardRibose, a carbohydrate with the formula shown, forms a cyclic hemiacetal, which, in principle, could contain either a four-membered, five-membered, or six-membered ring. To determine which ring is formed, ribose is treated with methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst. The products are then isolated and treated with NalO, then with H30*. он MEOH 1. NalO. 2. H,O* A & B MEOH + products HO H* isomeric cyclic acetals with formula CgH1205 ÕH Ribose, CSH1005arrow_forwardC. Trehalose and isomaltose are both dimers of glucose. However, they have considerably different reactivities. Concisely explain why these differences are observed. OH HO но но. HO HO OH Но- он но OH HO НО trehalose isomaltose 1. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar while trehalose is not. 2. Trehalose is very resistant to acid hydrolysis while isomaltose can be acid-hydrolyzed with ease.arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning