Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 26.SE, Problem 29AP
Except for cysteine, only S amino acids occur in proteins. Several R amino acids are also found in nature, however. (R)-Serine is found in earthworms, and (R)-alanine is found in insect larvae. Draw Fischer projections of (R)-serine and (R)-alanine. Are these d or l amino acids?
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Q7. Draw all the possible stereoisomers of the following amino acids. Indicate if they are related
as enantiomers or diastereomers.
a. CHCHCH, — СНСОО"
b. CH,CH,CH — СНСОО"
CH3
*NH3
CH3 *NH3
leucine
isoleucine
Draw the stereoisomers of the following amino acids. Indicate pairs of enantiomers and pairs of diastereomers.
5.Indicate the amino acid as polar or nonpolar
OH
CH: 0
H₂N-C-C-OH
H
O
CH, 0
!!
H₂N-C-C-o
H
CH3 CH3
CH
CHO
11₂N-C-C-07
H
6) Acids and bases denature a protein by
disrupting
A) peptide bonds and ionic bonds.
B) amide bonds and alkene bonds.
C) hydrophobic interactions and peptide
bonds.
D) ionic bonds and hydrophobic interactions.
E) ionic bonds and hydrogen bonds.
5) Heat denatures a protein by disrupting
A) ionic bonds and peptide bonds.
B) hydrophobic bonds and hydrogen bonds.
C) peptide bonds and hydrophobic bonds.
D) disulfide bonds and peptide bonds.
E) hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds.
7) Denaturation of a protein
A) changes the primary structure of a protein.
B) disrupts the secondary, tertiary, or
quaternary structure of a protein.
C) is always irreversible.
D) hydrolyzes peptide bonds.
E) can only occur in a protein with quaternary
structure.
8) Heavy metals denature proteins by
A) releasing amino acids.
B) disrupting hydrophobic interactions.
C) changing the pH of the…
Chapter 26 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 26.1 - How many of the -amino acids shown in Table 26-1...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3PCh. 26.2 - Hemoglobin has pI=6.8. Does hemoglobin have a net...Ch. 26.3 - Show how you could prepare the following -amino...Ch. 26.3 - What alkyl halides would you use to prepare the...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 7PCh. 26.4 - There are six isomeric tripeptides that contain...Ch. 26.4 - Draw the structure of M-P-V-G, and indicate its...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 11PCh. 26.6 - The octapeptide angiotensin II has the sequence...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 13PCh. 26.6 - Prob. 14PCh. 26.6 - Give the amino acid sequence of hexapeptides that...Ch. 26.7 - Prob. 16PCh. 26.7 - Write all five steps required for the synthesis of...Ch. 26.10 - Prob. 18PCh. 26.SE - Identify the following amino acids:Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 20VCCh. 26.SE - Isoleucine and threonine are the only two amino...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 22VCCh. 26.SE - Give the sequence of the following tetrapeptide:Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 24MPCh. 26.SE - The chloromethylated polystyrene resin used for...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 26MPCh. 26.SE - Prob. 27MPCh. 26.SE - Prob. 28MPCh. 26.SE - Except for cysteine, only S amino acids occur in...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 30APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 31APCh. 26.SE - Show the structures of the following amino acids...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 33APCh. 26.SE - Using both three- and one-letter codes for amino...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 35APCh. 26.SE - Show how you could use the acetamidomalonate...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 37APCh. 26.SE - Show how you could prepare the following amino...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 39APCh. 26.SE - Predict the product of the reaction of valine with...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 41APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 42APCh. 26.SE - Propose two structures for a tripeptide that gives...Ch. 26.SE - Show the steps involved in a synthesis of...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 45APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 46APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 47APCh. 26.SE - Which of the following amino acids are more likely...Ch. 26.SE - Leuprolide is a synthetic nonapeptide used to...Ch. 26.SE - The -helical parts of myoglobin and other proteins...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 51APCh. 26.SE - Cytochrome c is an enzyme found in the cells of...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 53APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 54APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 55APCh. 26.SE - What is the structure of a nonapeptide that gives...Ch. 26.SE - Oxytocin, a nonapeptide hormone secreted by the...Ch. 26.SE - Aspartame, a nonnutritive sweetener marketed under...Ch. 26.SE - Prob. 59APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 60APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 61APCh. 26.SE - Prob. 62AP
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- 22-59 What is the effect of salt bridges on the tertiary structure of proteins?arrow_forwardWhat special role does the amino acid cysteine have in the peptides vasopressin and oxytocin?arrow_forwardThis unit is N-acetylneuraminic acid, the most abundant member of a family of amino sugars containing nine or more carbons and distributed widely throughout the animal kingdom. Draw the open-chain form of this amino sugar. Do not be concerned with the configuration of the five chiral centers in the open-chain form.arrow_forward
- 5. Draw the all of the products formed when the following amino acids form a peptide bond through an Amidification reaction. NH, CH2 CH2 CH2 ČH2 CH2 H3N-C-COOH H2N-C-CO0 H. Harrow_forwardThe amino acid alanine has the condensed structural formula CH3CH(NH2)CO2H. Which Fischer projection represents (R)-alanine? NH2 А. -CO2H CH3 NH2 H3C- ČO,H C. CO,H H3C- -NH2 H - D. CO,H to -NH2 CH3 B.arrow_forward/ 3. Show how the following two amino acids form a protein (a dipeptide). CH3 CH,SH H,N-C-C-OH → || H,N–C-C-OH но ноarrow_forward
- 5. Arg and Lys Asp and Lys Pro and Glu Among these amino acid combinations listed above, only the combination of Asp and Lys have side chains with groups that have the greatest ability to stabilize the tertiary structure of a protein. Explain in your own words and by drawing (1) why Asp and Lys side chain interaction stabilizes the tertiary structure of a protein, and (2) why the pairs of Arg and Lys & Pro and Glu cannot provide the stability to the protein structure.arrow_forwardh) Specify the absolute (R/S) configuration of the amino group in structure IV. (i) If the substituents in structures I, IV and V were identical (all OH or all NH2), which structure would result in a meso compound? (j) If each hydroxy group for structures I, II and VI were replaced with another amino group, which compound would be made optically inactive?arrow_forwardB Identify the functional groups found in the side chair (the & group). Is the R-group. polar neutral polar changed, or non-polar & №t₂ CH₂ ANCH E-0- Aspamagine CH3 Ś CH₂ &#₂ O + HƠN CH Co Methionine HO HD Cf chts - c-E-0- threonne If these o acids represent L-amino acids, draw the general structure for a D-amino acid.arrow_forward
- Which of the following amino acids is naturally occurring? - CH,OH H- ČH,CO0- -NH, ČH,CH,COo-arrow_forwardDraw the structures of the amino acids formed at physiological pH when the tripeptide below is hydrolyzed. но HC ннон нонн с H-N-C-C-N-C-C-N-с-с H C. HC. || CH CH₂ =0 H₂N H C. SCH, o=c NH₂arrow_forwardConsider the amino acid molecule shown below in a Fischer representation. Which of the following correctly designates this molecule as either a D- or L-amino acid? Hint: you may need to switch two groups one or two times to get the molecule to look like the familiar Fischer D- and L- representations of the "reference compound" glyceraldehyde. Recall that -COOH (or HOOC-, depending on the orientation) represents a carboxylic acid functional group. Isopropyl H NH₂ -COOH The molecule is neither a D- nor an L-amino acid O The molecule is a L-amino acid O The molecule is a D-amino acidarrow_forward
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Biomolecules - Protein - Amino acids; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd.;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySNVPDHJ0ek;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY