Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 29, Problem 2AQ
Summary Introduction
To explain:
Why it is more difficult to eliminate the AIDS than smallpox and what would be involved in an eradication program of HIV infection?
Concept introduction:
The Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a syndrome that caused by a virus Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The Human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) is a subgroup of retrovirus that causes HIV infection. The AIDS is the last and serious stage of HIV disease and cause extreme damage to the immune system.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
One group of patients became victims of inaction and failure to respond to the need to stop the spread of HIV transmission in the early stages of the epidemic while it was still concentrated in the gay man community.
Choose one:
A) Elderly
B) Hemophiliacs
C) Patients receiving kidney dialyzes
D) Diabetic patients
E) Pregnant women
What is the Coronavirus? Is it a living organism? How does it reproduce? The current vaccines that are being distributed in the United States are made by Pfizer, Moderna, and Johnson and Johnson. Explain how they work and how health officials believe they will aid in the pandemic? What should we expect as more and more people get vaccinated? Will things immediately go back to the way they were before? What is the Delta variant and how is it impeding on getting things back to "normal"?
Select all of the following that applies to the tradeoff between transmission and virulence that applies to many diseases.
a) The tradeoff between transmission and virulence means that diseases always evolve to become more virulent.
b) If greater virulence limits transmission, that disease will likely evolve to become less virulent than it could be.
c) While making more copies of itself can increase the likelihood of transmission occurring, too much replication of the disease can make the host so sick it won't leave the house and spread the disease.
d) A strain of a disease that replicates enough to be transmitted, but not so much that the host gets too sick to move, will be favored by natural selection over strains that either make the host too sick or do not replicate enough to be transmitted.
e) If a disease can spread without making its host sick (e.g. when the host is asymptomatic), then the tradeoff between transmission and virulence…
Chapter 29 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 29.1 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.1 - Which is more severe, a disease with a high...Ch. 29.1 - Distinguish between disease incidence and disease...Ch. 29.2 - Explain coevolution of host and pathogen. Cite a...Ch. 29.2 - How does herd immunity prevent a nonimmune...Ch. 29.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 29.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.3 - Prob. 3MQ
Ch. 29.3 - Prob. 1CRCh. 29.4 - Distinguish between direct and indirect...Ch. 29.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 29.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 29.5 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.5 - Outline the steps taken to eradicate smallpox.Ch. 29.5 - Describe some of the public health activities of...Ch. 29.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 29.6 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.6 - Contrast the leading causes of death in Africa and...Ch. 29.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.7 - What factors are important in the emergence or...Ch. 29.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 29.7 - QHow can bacterial genetic exchange fuel the...Ch. 29.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.8 - What is a reassortant influenza virus and why can...Ch. 29.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 29.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 29.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 29.9 - Why are smallpox and anthrax more likely to be...Ch. 29 - Prob. 1AQCh. 29 - Prob. 2AQCh. 29 - Prob. 3AQ
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Describe the coronavirus infection and disease spread using as many epidemiological terms as possible. Explain why you are using those terms (in other words, why do the terms you are using describe this disease?) Why have all levels of government pushed the concept of “social distancing”? Is this effective?arrow_forwardJust last week the Energy Department now seems pretty confident that the coronavirus came from a lab leak: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/26/us/politics/china-lab-leak-coronavirus-pandemic.html The textbook discusses how the environment is part of the epidemiologic triangle. What is the epidemiologic triangle? (Figure 10-2, p.210). Why does it matter where this coronavirus started? Do you have any theories about how the virus was transmitted to humans?arrow_forwardPlease discuss how pathogens are so easily spread around the world in 2021? Why is a society or planet like ours especially susceptible to the rapid dissemination of pathogens? What are the mechanisms that move the pathogens?arrow_forward
- (1)Why do you think that SARS-CoV-2 caused Covid-19 became a pandemic, whereas other similar viruses have remained more contained? & What step(s) would you like to see in place as we continue to learn and combat the pandemic spread of Covid-19 disease? (2)What are your concerns, or thoughts, going forward as we (the United States and the global human population) continue to face this pandemic and move towards vaccine testing/approval?arrow_forwardThe initial symptoms of HIV infection are followed by clinical latency. Which of the following statements is true? Clinical latency is a symptomatic period of infection. The clinical latency period usually lasts less than a year. Clinical latency is the second stage of HIV infection and can last anywhere from 3 to 20 years. Patients usually become overweight or obese during clinical latency.arrow_forwardWhich link in the chain of infection is the intervention described below meant to break? "N95 respirators reduce the wearer's exposure to airborne particles, from small particle aerosols to large droplets. N95 respirators are tight-fitting respirators that filter out at least 95% of particles in the air, including large and small particles." (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/hcp/respirator-use-faq.html) Portal of entry Means of transmission O Infectious agent Susceptible hostarrow_forward
- Which of the following best explains why vaccination of humans against rabies can be delayed until after exposure to a potential source of infection? A) Antibody responses are more rapid than those against other viruses B) T lymphocyte responses are more rapid than those against other viruses C) The virus does not infect any cells for several weeks or months D) The virus does not reach i target organ for several weeks or monthsarrow_forwardCompare the prevalence of neglected tropical diseases to the much better known and deadlier HIV/AIDS. Discuss two reasons why would it make sense to shift health funding toward these diseases and away from HIV research?arrow_forwardEfforts to produce an HIV vaccine have met with limited success. What aspects of the virus and its replicative strategy make it difficult to produce a vaccine against HIV? What other kind of virus might be similarly different to vaccinate against? What similarities and differences exist between the two types of virus that account for the differences in vaccine production?arrow_forward
- Why is it helpful for scientists to use models to simulate the spread of a communicable disease?arrow_forwardBelow are a list of virulence factors/ strategies paired with an example of an organism that utilizes them. How do each of the following strategies contribute to the virulence of the pathogen? Strategy - Causes the host to produce more receptors (Organism - Rhinovirus) Strategy - Produces gas as a product of fermentation (Organism - Clostridium perfringens) Strategy - Produces a capsule (organism - Klebsiella pneumonia) Strategy - Ability to move between adjacent cells (organism - Cytomegalovirus) Strategy - Ability to use pilus as a motility structure (organism - Pseudomonas aerogenosa)arrow_forwardAssuming you have been posted to a community where malaria is very endemic. There is a high rate of absenteeism among your students due to incidents of malaria. As part of your community engagement explain how you would educate on malaria prevention taking the following into consideration:a) Name of the vector and the species of the parasite that cause the diseases in Africa; b) Two chemical and two biological ways of reducing the population of mosquitoes; c) Two in-house measures to prevent mosquitoes bite;d) The stages in the life cycle of the mosquito;e) The names of three African countries that participated in the trial of malarial vaccine.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education