Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 29, Problem 40CTQ
Why is it so difficult to determine the sequence of horn in in ancestors that have led to modern Homo sapiens?
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Working as an Anthropologist in South Africa, you’ve been given four hominin craniums and are asked to develop a new classification system. Using cranium size, the robustness of the cheek bones and brow ridges, and the prognathism of the face, how would you categorize these four skulls into species? Would you categorize all four of them as belonging to the same genus? Two geneses? Three geneses? Four geneses? Do you believe any of them are the same species? Explain how you would categorize these four specimens. Explain what features you used to categorize these specimens.
Working as an Anthropologist in South Africa, you’ve been given four hominin craniums and are asked to develop a new classification system. Using cranium size, the robustness of the cheek bones and brow ridges, and the prognathism of the face, how would you categorize these four skulls into species? Would you categorize all four of them as belonging to the same genus? Two geneses? Three geneses? Four geneses? Do you believe any of them are the same species? Explain how you would categorize these four specimens. Explain what features you used to categorize these specimens.
This is the image of the 4 different hominin individuals
Working as an Anthropologist in South Africa, you’ve been given four hominin craniums and are asked to develop a new classification system. Using cranium size, the robustness of the cheek bones and brow ridges, and the prognathism of the face, how would you categorize these four skulls into species? Would you categorize all four of them as belonging to the same genus? Two geneses? Three geneses? Four geneses? Do you believe any of them are the same species? Explain how you would categorize these four specimens. Explain what features you used to categorize these specimens. (Use complete sentences. Minimum of 4 sentences.)
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 29 - Figure 29.3 Which of the following statements...Ch. 29 - Figure 29.22 Which of the following statements...Ch. 29 - Figure 29.24 Members of the order Testudines have...Ch. 29 - Which of the following is not contained in phylum...Ch. 29 - Which group of invertebrates is most closely...Ch. 29 - Hagfish. lam preys. sharks, and tuna are all...Ch. 29 - Members of Chondrichthyes differ from members of...Ch. 29 - Members of Chondrichfhyes are thought to be...Ch. 29 - A marine biologist catches a species of fish she...Ch. 29 - Which of the following is not true of...
Ch. 29 - Frogs belong to which order? Anura Urodela Caudata...Ch. 29 - During the Mesozoic period, diapsids diverged...Ch. 29 - Squamata includes. crocodiles and alligators...Ch. 29 - Which of the following reptile groups gave rise to...Ch. 29 - A bird or feathered dinosaur is. Neornithes...Ch. 29 - Which of the following feather types helps to...Ch. 29 - Eccrine glands produce sweat lipids scents milkCh. 29 - Monotremes include: kangaroos koalas bandicoots...Ch. 29 - The evolution of which of the following features...Ch. 29 - Which of the following is not an anthropoid?...Ch. 29 - Which of the following is part of a clade believed...Ch. 29 - Which of the following human traits is not a...Ch. 29 - What are the characteristic features of the...Ch. 29 - What is the structural advantage of the notochord...Ch. 29 - What can be inferred about the evolution of the...Ch. 29 - Why did gnathostomes replace most agnathans?Ch. 29 - Explain why frogs are restricted to a moist...Ch. 29 - Describe the differences between the larval and...Ch. 29 - Describe how metamorphosis changes the structures...Ch. 29 - Describe the functions of the three extraembryonic...Ch. 29 - What characteristics differentiate lizards and...Ch. 29 - Based on how reptiles therm oregulate, which...Ch. 29 - Explain why birds are thought to have evolved from...Ch. 29 - Describe three skeletal adaptations that allow for...Ch. 29 - How would the chest structure differ between...Ch. 29 - Describe three unique features of the mammalian...Ch. 29 - Describe three characteristics of the mammalian...Ch. 29 - How did the evolution of jaw musculature allow...Ch. 29 - How did archaic Homo sapiens differ from...Ch. 29 - Why is it so difficult to determine the sequence...
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- What is the difference between a "derived" versus a “primitive" trait? Give an example of both, seen in Au. afarensis. Which of the paleoenvironment hypotheses have been used to describe early hominin diversity, and which have been used to describe bipedalism? Which anatomical features for bipedalism do we see in early hominins? Are these primarily obligate bipeds? Explain. Describe the dentition of gracile and robust australopithecines. What might these tell us about their relative diets? List the hominin species argued to be associated with stone tool technologies. Are you convinced of these associations? Why/why not?arrow_forwardGiven the distribution of Hox genes among animals, what would you predict about the number and type of Hox genes in the common ancestor of all animals?arrow_forwardSome people think that many of our uniquely human traits arose by sexual selection. Over thousands of years, women attracted to charming, witty men perhaps prompted the development of human intellect beyond what was necessary for mere survival. Men attracted to women with juvenile features may have shifted the species as a whole to be less hairy and softer featured than any of our simian relatives. Can you think of a way to test these hypotheses?arrow_forward
- How does the fact that all ethnic groups except Africans contain some Neanderthal DNA (1–4 percent of their DNA) support the out-of-Africa hypothesis for the origin of modern humans (Homo sapiens)?arrow_forwardPaleoanthropologists generally agree that Homo erectus belongs in our genus and represents a significant shift towards adaptations important to our own species. However, there is much variation among specimens that are grouped into H. erectus. Your instructor will let you know which of these fossil representatives to use for the exercise today.Based on your measurements and comparisons in the table above, what are major differences among Au. africanus, H. habilis, and H. erectus? Do you think H. habilis is more like Australopithecus or Homo? How do these three species reflect the major environmental pressures of the time periods in which they lived, respectively? List three features that are changing in the genus Homo due to these selective pressures. List three features found in H. erectus that are derived, compared to Au. africanus.arrow_forwardWhat is the common ancestor of the Galapagos finches? What are the thirteen Galapagos finches? What characteristics make each of the thirteen finches a distinct species? How is each finch isolated from the others? What habitat does each finch live?arrow_forward
- What is the phylogenetic relationship between Homo heidelbergensis, H. sapiens, and H. neanderthalensis?arrow_forwardWe have studied how the six major primate groups evolved, with the most recent group being the hominins.The hominins branched off from main ape group around 7 million years ago.According to our lessons explain your reasoning as to whether there is a missing link,or one single specimen that embodies both ape and hominin traits, that serves as a transition between what is clearly ape and what is clearly hominin?What have you found most interesting about the beginning of hominin evolution and why?arrow_forwardWhen I first studied hominin evolution, they had found "Lucy", an Australopithecus afarensis, and everyone thought her species was an early ancestor of Homo sapien. The picture is much more complicated, with lots of hominins living in close proximity for millions of years...much different than our now singular species. Look at the phylogenetic tree and use it as a guide to briefly describe hominin lines in Africa up to Homo. Do not discuss Homo.Just discuss a sense that you generally can grasp what was going on in Africa with our Genus for 6 or 7 million years!arrow_forward
- What is both the physical and cultural evidence that Homo sapiens nenaderthalensis is an ancestral hominin to Homo sapiens sapiens (modern humans)?arrow_forwardOnce nuclear DNA sequencing became fast and able to handle sequencing ancient DNA, living humans were found to have some Neanderthal genes. Is this finding clear evidence that some early modern humans did indeed hybridize with Neanderthals? Why?arrow_forwardThe first modern humans evolved in Africa. a) What are two kinds of evidence supporting that conclusion, one based on data from living individuals and one from some other source of data? b) What are some unique anatomic and behavioral traits that are unique to hominid species compared to primates, and to Homo sapiens in particular, compared to other hominid species?arrow_forward
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