Chapter 3, Problem 3.9P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relationship between the temperature and activation energy for which the rule of thumb holds has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Activation energy: It is the minimum energy required by the reacting species in order to undergo chemical reaction.

Arrhenius equation:

• Arrhenius equation is a formula that represents the temperature dependence of reaction rates
• The Arrhenius equation has to be represented as follows

  $\begin{array}{l}k=A{e}^{-E/RT}\\ \ln k=\ln A{e}^{-E/RT}\\ \ln k=\left(-\frac{\text{E}}{\text{R}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\text{T}}\right)+\ln \text{A}\end{array}$

• $E$ represents the activation energy and it’s unit is $\text{kJ/mol}$
• R represents the universal gas constant and it has the value of 8.314 $\text{J/K}\text{.mol}$
• T represents the absolute temperature
• A represents the frequency factor or collision frequency

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The activation energy and the effect of it in the chemical reaction rate have to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Activation energy: It is the minimum energy required by the reacting species in order to undergo chemical reaction.

Arrhenius equation:

• Arrhenius equation is a formula that represents the temperature dependence of reaction rates
• The Arrhenius equation has to be represented as follows

  $\begin{array}{l}k=A{e}^{-E/RT}\\ \ln k=\ln A{e}^{-E/RT}\\ \ln k=\left(-\frac{\text{E}}{\text{R}}\right)\left(\frac{1}{\text{T}}\right)+\ln \text{A}\end{array}$

• $E$ represents the activation energy and it’s unit is $\text{kJ/mol}$
• R represents the universal gas constant and it has the value of 8.314 $\text{J/K}\text{.mol}$
• T represents the absolute temperature
• A represents the frequency factor or collision frequency