Concept explainers
CAT Scans CAT (computerized axial tomographic) scans are used to map the exact location of interior features of the human body. CAT scan technology is based on the following principles: (I) Different components of the human body (water; gray matter; bone, etc.) absorb X-rays to different extents; and (2) to measure the X-ray absorption by a specific region of, say, the brain, it suffices to pass a number of line-shaped pencil beams of X-rays through the brain at different angles and measure the total absorption for each beam, which is the sum of the absorptions of the regions through which it passes. The accompanying diagram illustrates a simple example. (The number in each region shows its absorption, and the number on each X-ray beam shows the total absorption for that beam.)27
In Exercises 39-44, use the table and the given X-ray absorption diagrams to identity the composition of each of the regions marked by a letter.
Type | Air | Water | Gray Matter | Tumor | Blood | Bone |
Absorption | 0 | 1,000 | 1,020 | 1,030 | 1,050 | 2,000 |
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