Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 39, Problem 1AC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason if the axons of human cord neurons are unmyelinated, than spinal cord would become larger or smaller.
Introduction:
Spinal cord is a long thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissues, which supports the cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem. The spinal cord consists of nerves that carry impulses between the brain and rest of the body.
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason a person would move faster or slower.
Introduction:
Axon is the nerve fibre that helps in the conduction of electrical impulses. Axons are the part of neuron. A neuron is a cell that carries electrical impulses. Neurons are called as the basic units of the nervous system and it plays important role in brain.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
We regularly make conscious decisions to make specific muscular movements. For example,
when using the touch interface of your phone, you make a conscious effort to scroll up and down
the screen using your finger.
In contrast, there are many muscular movements that cannot be controlled voluntarily. For
example, you cannot make your heart stop by thinking about it.
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the parts of the nervous system that are
involved in voluntary and involuntary actions, respectively?
Select one:
a. Motor neurons of the somatic nervous system and motor neurons of the autonomic nervous
system
b. Motor neurons of the autonomic nervous system and sensory neurons of the somatic
nervous system
c. Sensory neurons of the somatic nervous system and sensory neurons of the autonomic
nervous system
d. Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system and motor neurons of the autonomic
nervous system
Taylor accidentally dips his fingers into a cup filled with steaming hot coffee. He immediately withdraws his hand and then exclaims “ouch!”What is the correct order of the nervous system structures involved in the scenario described above?
Select one:
a. sensory neuron, effector, motor neuron, interneuron
b. motor neuron, receptor, sensory neuron, effector
c. receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron
d. sensory neuron, interneuron, effector, motor neuron
The image below shows a cross section through the spinal cord. Use the diagram to answer the following questions.
a. What makes up the grey matter of the spinal cord? Why is this material grey? b. What makes up the white matter of the spinal cord? Why is this material white? c. Describe the functions of the following:i. Dorsal Horn. Ventral Horn. On the diagram, draw the pathway of information travel into and out of the spinal cord during a spinal reflex arc.
Chapter 39 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 39.1 - describe the structure of a typical neuron?Ch. 39.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 39.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 39.2 - explain how an action potential in a presynaptic...Ch. 39.2 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 39.3 - Prob. 1TCCh. 39.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 39.3 - Prob. 2CYL
Ch. 39.3 - explain how the brain determines which muscles to...Ch. 39.4 - describe the anatomy of diffuse and centralized...Ch. 39.5 - John comes to the emergency room with neither...Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 39.5 - Prob. 2TCCh. 39.5 - Prob. 1CTCh. 39.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 39.5 - distinguish between the central and peripheral...Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 39.5 - label diagrams of the human brain and spinal cord,...Ch. 39.5 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 39.5 - Prob. 5CYLCh. 39.5 - Prob. 2CTCh. 39 - Prob. 1MCCh. 39 - Neurotransmitters are typically released by a a....Ch. 39 - Automatic bodily functions such as breathing and...Ch. 39 - Prob. 4MCCh. 39 - Prob. 5MCCh. 39 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 39 - Prob. 1RQCh. 39 - Prob. 2RQCh. 39 - What are the four elements of a neuronal pathway,...Ch. 39 - Prob. 4RQCh. 39 - Prob. 5RQCh. 39 - Prob. 6RQCh. 39 - Explain the differences between short-term memory...Ch. 39 - Prob. 1ACCh. 39 - Prob. 2AC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is kind of remarkable about the neurons in humans whose cell bodies originate in the spinal cord?arrow_forwardWhat is the smallest structural and functional unit of nervous system?arrow_forwardIt is 2 am in the morning and I hear a noise downstairs. As I walk downstairs (in the dark) I step on a Lego (a single Lego can withstand 950 lbs of pressure). What is the sequence of how the nervous system relays the info thus ending with me screaming and jumping up. 1 [ Choose ] [ Choose ] CNS integrates information sensory receptors in foot Motor neuron transmits information 4. sensory neuron sends information to the CNS Muscles in legs respond [ Choose ]arrow_forward
- Imagine you have just picked up a cup of coffee. List all of the sensory, integrative, and motor functions that your nervous system is performing as you do so?arrow_forwardWhen expert pianists listen to familiar, well-practiced music, they imagine the finger movements, and the finger area of their motor cortex becomes active, even if they are not moving their fingers (Haueisen & Knösche, 2001). If we regard those neurons as another kind of mirror neuron, what do these results imply about the origin of mirror neurons?arrow_forwardsometimes the terms neuron and nerve are mistakenly used interchangeably. explain the difference between the two structures.arrow_forward
- A stimulus causes a change in permeability of neural membranes, which begins the process of transmitting an impulse. If the stimulus reaches the threshold potential of a neuron, an action potential is generated. Select the numbers of the statements below that occur once the threshold potential is reached. 1. Sodium ions flow into the neuron. 2. Sodium ions flow out of the neuron. 3. The membrane potential becomes positive. 4. The membrane potential becomes negative. 5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open. 6. Voltage-gated potassium channels close. 7. Potassium ions flow into the neuron. 8. Potassium ions flow out of the neuron. Place the numbers in order from the first event to the last event: andarrow_forwardWhich of these alternatives shows the correct order for a neuron that is leaving the spine? Think of the neuron starting at the spinal cord and an exiting the spine, going to your chest. What would be the path? It would travel out of the spine into the spinal nerve, past the dorsal branch and into the rootlet of the chest. into a spinal nerve, then into a ventral root and then into an anterior branch past a rootlet, into a ventral branch, past a dorsal root, and then to the chest past a rootlet, into a ventral root, into a spinal nerve and then into an anterior brancharrow_forwardYou are observing in a Physical Therapy clinic and a patient presents with back pain. The images suggest that they have a disc herniation at the disk between L3 and L4. The PT you are working with believes that the disk is putting pressure on the spinal nerve that contains the afferent and efferent neurons that control the patellar tendon reflex. Using the appropriate anatomy and physiology, describe the afferent and efferent portions of this stretch reflex pathway, including a description of the receptor and what it responds to. If you performed a patellar tendon reflex, describe whether you would expect to see an enhanced or diminished response and explain why.arrow_forward
- Given these phrases:(1) neuron cell bodies in the nuclei of cranial nerves(2) neuron cell bodies in the lateral gray horn of the spinal cord(T1–L2 and S2–S4)(3) two synapses between the CNS and effectors(4) regulates smooth muscleWhich of the phrases are true for the autonomic nervous system?a. 1,3 b. 2,4 c. 1,2,3 d. 2,3,4 e. 1,2,3,4arrow_forwardYou are a famous researcher working in your lab. You isolate a piece of muscle (call it Muscle A) and examine its innervations. You find a short preganglionic neuron synapsing onto a long postganglionic neuron, which synapses onto the muscle. Then you examine Muscle B and find a single neuron innervating it. Remembering your favourite physiology class, you instantly recognize what types of neuronal connections you will find on both Muscle A and Muscle B. First give 2 characteristics of the synapse onto Muscle A. Then give 2 ways in which the synapse of Muscle B will be different.arrow_forwardThe sympathetic nervous sytem includes a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 neurones with a short pre-ganglionic neuron and a long post-ganglionic neurone Select right answer from optionsarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College