- a. What adaptive advantages may asexual reproduction provide?
- b. What adaptive advantages may sexual reproduction provide?
- c. If a hermaphrodite self-fertilizes, is that asexual or sexual reproduction? Explain.
a.
To determine: The adaptive advantages provided by asexual reproduction.
Introduction: Asexual reproduction is a uni-parental process (only one parent plant is involved). In this type of reproduction, offspring will only have the characteristics and traits from a single parent.
Explanation of Solution
The adaptive advantages provided by asexual reproduction are as follows:
- Production of a large number of offspring over a short period of time.
- Perpetuation of successful genotypes in stable habitats.
- It does not mate and is friendly to the environment.
b.
To determine: The adaptive advantages provided by sexual reproduction.
Introduction: Sexual reproduction is the process that involves the formation of diploid zygote by the fusion of male and female gamete. The resulting zygote has genetic makeup that is different from its parents and this change in genetic makeup is known as genetic variation.
Explanation of Solution
The adaptive advantages provided by sexual reproduction are as follows:
- Greater level genetic diversity enhances the reproductive success.
- It promotes survival.
- It removes harmful alleles from the population.
c.
To determine: Whether the self-fertilization of hermaphrodite is sexual or asexual reproduction.
Introduction: Reproduction is the process by which the organisms propagate their species by the union of the male and females gametes in the case of sexual reproduction or by other asexual means. Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction are the two types of reproduction.
Explanation of Solution
Self-fertilization of hermaphrodite is a sexual reproduction. This is because involves the union of male and female gametes. There will be genetic variation within offspring as a result of genetic recombination during meiosis and fertilization.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 46 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
- Asexual reproduction does exist with numerous unique adaptations, but it is normally sexual with both male and female sexes. a) Describe the different types of parthenogenesis and give an example of each type of insect. b) List and briefly describe four important elements that affect a female's ability to generate eggs and the amount of eggs that are oviposited.arrow_forwardWhat are the general characteristics of sexual reproduction in humans and other vertebrates that are associated with continuous production of many sperm cells but intermittent, finite production of egg cells?arrow_forwardWhat two important roles do the acrosomal enzymes of spermatozoa play prior to fertilization?arrow_forward
- In vertebrate animals, spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ, in that 1.) Cytokinesis is unequal in oogenesis whereas it i equal in spermatogenesis 2.) spermatogenesis is not completed until after fertilization occurs, but oogenesis is completed by the time a girl is born 3.) Oogenesis produces four haploid cells, whereas spermatogenesis produces only one functional spermatozoon 4.) Oogensis ends at menopause. Whereas spermatogenesis is finished before birth 5.) Oogensis begins at the onset of sexual maturity whereas spermatogenesis happens in embryonic developmentarrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly describes hermaphroditism? A. It is an example of sexual reproduction because it involves a male and a female. B. It is an example of asexual reproduction because only one individual needs to be involved. C. It is an example of sexual reproduction because it involves fusion of two gametes. D. It is an example of asexual reproduction because the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.arrow_forwardSpermatogenesis and oogenesis both involve meiosis but differ in significant ways. One of those differences include what? A) Cytokinesis is unequal in spermatogenesis B) Production of sperm is continuous; in humans, and the number of future egg cells is set at birth C) Oogenesis is an uninterrupted sequence, but there are long delays in spermatogenesis D) All of the abovearrow_forward
- Why is a second polar body expelled after fertilisation? a) To remove excess cytoplasm b) Because the oocyte must reactivate the incomplete meiosis before fusing with the sperm c) Before fusion with the sperm it must complete mitosis d) The fertilised oocyte is not a haploid cell until it expels the sperms mitochondriaarrow_forwardThe change of successful fertilization is approximately 18% in every cycle. Why does this statistic seem so low? All of the following statements provide a reason as to why the chance of fertilization is 18% every ovarian cycle EXEPT Select one: A. Some Sperm cells are not very motile, while others are formed without a tail. B. If more than one sperm fertilizes an egg, multiple embryos can result. C. Vagina is very acidic, killing many sperm. D. There two fallopian tubes and two ovaries, but only one of them releases an ovum every cycle.arrow_forwarda) How are oocytes released? b) How are spermatozoa released? c) What is the frequency of both? d) How many of each are produced during meiosis?arrow_forward
- Asexual reproduction passes on 100% of the parent's genes but it is relatively rare. What are the advantages of sexual vs asexual reproduction? In some cases, species are hermaphrodites to reduce the difficulty in finding mates. What is the difference between simultaneous and sequential hermaphrodites? Why is "selfing" relatively rare?arrow_forwardC. Why do sea urchins have external fertilization? D. Then why don't the parents take care of the young? E. Because the urchin life involves two or more ecological niches, they are more susceptible to predation and exposure to environmental toxins. What environmental conditions, predators and toxins might they be exposed to at each stage?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements does NOT correctly describe the similarities and differences between male and female reproductive systems? Select one: a. Millions of mature sperm are produced on a daily basis, whereas single mature ovum is released every 28 days. b. Meiosis is completed in eggs after fertilization begins, whereas a mature sperm has completed meiosis prior to fertilization. c. Eggs and sperm contain exactly half of the genetic material of a normal somatic cell. Many zygotes with an abnormal number of genetic material often do not successfully implant. d. Eggs and sperm can survive for 3 to 5 days in the Fallopian tubes.arrow_forward
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning