The larger ion among the pair S − 2 and Cl − should be determined. Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Question

Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of calcium? Ca (g) – Ca (g) + e O Ca" (g) → Ca (g) + e Ca (g) – Ca* (g) + e O Ca (g) + e → Ca" (g) O Ca* (g) + e –→ Ca (g)

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

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Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of calcium? Ca (g) – Ca (g) + e O Ca" (g) → Ca (g) + e Ca (g) – Ca* (g) + e O Ca (g) + e → Ca" (g) O Ca* (g) + e –→ Ca (g)

Write the electron configuration and orbital diagram for each ion and determine whether each is diamagnetic or paramagnetic.(a) Al3 + (b) S2 - (c) Fe3 +

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

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Answer 5

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 6

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 7

Chapter 5, Problem 36P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair S−2 and Cl− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 8

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 9

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair Tl+ and Tl+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 10

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 11

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ion among the pair Ce+3 and Dy+3 should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increase as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 12

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 13

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The larger ions among the pair S−2 and I− should be determined.

Concept introduction: Atomic radii of atoms of elements down the group increases as Z increases because new shells are introduced and therefore the distance between nucleus and valence shell increases. Along a period, size or radii decreases as the electrons are introduced into the same shell and are pulled by higher nuclear charge.

Answer 14

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