Chapter 55.1, Problem 1R

Summary Introduction

To review:

The following species interactions and classify them on the basis of their behavior in the categories of carnivory, herbivory, parasitism, competition, amensalism, mutualism, or commensalism.

a. The leafcutter ants harvested and transported leaf fragments to their nests, which supported the fungal growth and consumed by the ants.

b. Elephant seals lie on the rocks, and they crushed and detached the algae underneath them.

c. The human scalp is inhabited by the head lice that feed on their blood.

d. The deer population is attacked by both the wolves and cougars and becomes limited to both the predators.

Introduction:

Species interact with each other in various manners to survive on the earth. Two species can have a positive interaction, negative interaction, or a neutral interaction among them. The species interactions are broadly classified into four major categories. They are predation, competition, mutualism, commensalism, and amensalism.