Explanation Radioactive isotopes are defined as isotopes having balance numbers of protons and neutrons are stable, but the serious imbalance can lead to a nuclear reaction. These nuclear reactions result in the following: Beta emission- In this type of emission, from nucleons (protons and electrons) electrons get emitted known as a beta particle. Example: Phosphorus -32 Alpha emission- In this type of emission, alpha particles are emitted which is normally seen in heavy elements. Positron emission- In this, the positron particle which is the same as an electron but carries a charge of (+1) instead of (-1). Example: Carbon-11 Gamma emission- Gamma rays are emitted from high energy nucleus during alpha and beta emission. Example: Boron Electron capture- In this, an extra electron is absorbed by the nucleus which leads to the reduced atomic number of the element, but the mass number remains the same. Ex. Lithium-7 is prepared from Beryllium-7 by electron capture. Gamma emission is the absorption of neutrons during the decay of radioactive nuclei. Boron having mass numbers 10 and 11 with atomic number 5 is well known as a neutron absorber in nuclear power plants...

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

11th Edition

ISBN: 9781285869759

Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Concept explainers

Writing and Balancing Nuclear Equations

A nuclear equation is a symbolic representation of a nuclear reaction using certain symbols. It is studied in nuclear chemistry and nuclear physics.

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.89P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced equation for the nuclear reaction should be written and the nucleus formed as an intermediate between the boron-10 and the final nuclear product should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

An element containing isotopes that are emitting radiations are known as radioactive isotopes. This can emit radiation because of instability in its nuclei. Isotopes that are having balance numbers of protons and neutrons are stable, but the serious imbalance can lead to a nuclear reaction.

Nuclear reactions that are seen in elements are Beta-emission, alpha emission, positron emission, gamma emission and electron capture.

Expert Solution & Answer

Chapter 9 Solutions

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Ch. 9.3 - Problem 9-1 Iodine-139 is a beta emitter. Write an...Ch. 9.3 - Problem 9-2 Thorium-223 is an alpha emitter. Write...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 9.3P Ch. 9.3 - Problem 9-4 Thallium-201, a radioisotope used to...Ch. 9.4 - Problem 9-5 Barium-122 has a half-life of 2...Ch. 9.5 - Problem 9-6 A radioactive isotope in a 9.0-mL vial...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 9.7P Ch. 9 - What is the relationship between frequency and...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.9P Ch. 9 - 9-10 Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic...

Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.11P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.12P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13P Ch. 9 - 9-14 Write the symbol for a nucleus with the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.15P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.16P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.17P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.18P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.19P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.20P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.21P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.22P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.23P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.24P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.25P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.26P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.27P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.28P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.29P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.30P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.31P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.32P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.33P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.34P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.35P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.36P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.37P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.38P Ch. 9 - 9-39 If you work in a lab containing radioisotopes...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.40P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.41P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.42P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.43P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.44P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.45P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.46P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.47P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.48P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.49P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.50P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.51P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.52P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.53P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.54P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.55P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.56P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.57P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.58P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.59P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.60P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.61P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.62P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.63P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.64P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.65P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.66P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.67P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.68P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.69P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.70P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.71P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.72P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.73P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.74P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.75P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.76P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.77P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.78P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.79P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.80P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.81P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.82P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.83P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.84P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.85P Ch. 9 - 9-86 is effective in prostate cancer therapy when...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.87P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.88P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.89P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.90P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.91P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.92P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.93P

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