The advantages of mutator strains for the growth of pathogens. Introduction: Pathogenesis is the process of development of diseases in an individual. Pathogens have the ability to infect healthy cells. However, in the clinical samples of bacteria, it is reported that there is more mutant strain present than the reference strains. This shows that the cells containing mutator strain will acquire diseases more frequently than normal cells.

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Chapter 9.4, Problem 2TQ

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The advantages of mutator strains for the growth of pathogens.

Introduction:

Pathogenesis is the process of development of diseases in an individual. Pathogens have the ability to infect healthy cells. However, in the clinical samples of bacteria, it is reported that there is more mutant strain present than the reference strains. This shows that the cells containing mutator strain will acquire diseases more frequently than normal cells.

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Austin Taylor and Edward Adelberg isolated some new strains of Hfr cells that they then used to map several genes in Escherichia coli by using interrupted conjugation. In one experiment, the researchers mixed cells of Hfr strain AB‑312, which were xyl+ mtl+ mal+ met+ and sensitive to phage T6, with F− strain AB‑531, which was xyl− mtl− mal− met− and resistant to phage T6. The cells were allowed to undergo conjugation. At regular intervals, the researchers removed a sample of cells and interrupted conjugation by killing the Hfr cells with phage T6. The F− cells, which were resistant to phage T6, survived and were then tested for the presence of genes transferred from the Hfr strain. The results of this experiment are shown in the graph. On the basis of these data, give the order of the xyl, mtl, mal, and met genes on the bacterial chromosome and the minimum distances between them in minutes. The origin of transfer is represented by the red triangle. The distances between genes are not…