Bio 211 Lab 29

2. Which of the following terms refers to either a reduction in the quantity of hemoglobin or a reduction in the volume of red blood cells?

Complete blood count- A sample of blood is drawn and checked for the following: 1)The number of red blood cells and platelets. 2)The number and type of white blood cells. 3)The amount of hemoglobin in the red blood cells.

In activity three, a total count for white blood cells was conducted using a sample slide with a blood smear. The slide was observed under microscope with the above data as the result. The normal percentages for each blood count are as follows (zukur):

different types of blood in humans. This leads to the thought that the safety of

Your body contains about one and a half gallons of blood and accounts for 8% of your body weight. The blood flowing through our bodies is called whole blood, but can be separated into two parts: plasma and formed elements. The formed elements include platelets, white blood cells, and most importantly red blood cells. Untouched whole blood is five times thicker than water, has an average temperature of 100.4 degrees fahrenheit, and has a slightly alkaline pH level of 7.4.

The blood panel that gives information about cells in patients blood such as cell count for each type of cell and the concentration of the proteins and the minerals . cell count of blood for purpose of clinical use was developed in between 1950-60’s. Blood cells are of following types leukocytes (white blood cells) , erythrocytes (red blood cells ) and platelets (thrombocytes ). Increase or decrease in the cell count indicate the presence of some kind of disease .For physical examination the complete blood count (CBC) is done.To evaluate the normal health and to detect the dysfunctions like leukemia , infections and the anemia the blood test is used is referred to as the complete blood count

On August 20, a lab was started doing different test involving blood. The objective of the experiment was to test white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), platelet counts, differential of WBCs, a hematocrit, a hemoglobin analysis, and also various calculated indices. All the test will indicate if a person’s blood levels are normal or if the person has an abnormal blood count. To explain what blood is, blood is a red liquid that circulates throughout the body. It also transports oxygen rich blood throughout the body, takes nutrients from specific cells and waste to be expelled out of the body. The components of blood in relation to the test are as follows. The blood has two parts the plasma, and the formed elements.

Table 1 provides the total count and frequency percentage of five different types of leukocytes (white blood cells), commonly found in a peripheral blood smear. This data was collected from the participant referenced in the report. An abundance of lymphocytes and neutrophils were discovered, collectively making up 81% of the blood’s white blood cell components; Lymphocytes found at 30% of white blood cells and Neutrophils at 51%. Monocytes were somewhat common, however, were only 16% of the blood’s leukocyte components. Eosinophils were rare in the blood smear, only found to be 3% of the total white blood cell count. Basophils were not found in any field of view during the exercise.

4. McKenzie SB, Williams JL. Clinical Laboratory Hematology. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson; 2015. p. 754-755.

The objective of this experiment is to determine what antigens are present in each blood sample and from there, determine what blood type that translates to. Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of two antigens, A or B. (Martini) An antigen is a substance that induces the production of antibodies. (Martini) Antibodies are involved with the immune system; they will bind to an antigen and work to remove it from the body. In a blood system, there are four blood types; A, B, AB and O. Blood type A contains A antigen and B antibodies, group B posses the B antigen and the A antibody, AB blood group has A and B antigens but no antibodies and O group has no antigens, but both A and B antibodies. (Martini) When an opposite blood type is introduced, it causes agglutination, where clumps form in the blood. (Martini) These clumps form because the antibody bonded with the opposite antigen and then thickened. (Martini) This is dangerous for the body and this is the reason blood typing is so important while performing transfusions.

     According to this quotation, without white blood cells, also known as leukocytes, we would not be able to survive. White blood cells are our body’s number one defense against infections. They help keep us clean from foreign bacteria that enter our bodies. Statistics show that there are five to ten thousand white blood cells per micro liter of blood, however this number will increase during an illness. White blood cells can differ in

Ryan: You re correct, we know that sometimes it might be challenging to identify lymphocyte subsets, thus you have a large volume of blood collected in this study (up to 80cc). Our analysis is Flow cytometry based; we will count CD4/CD8 based on cell surface markers. I have to say that we are also working on a sub study with mass cytometry (collaboration with Dr. Larry Steinman, Stanford). Mass cytometry is a cutting edge of Flow cytometry without using any

Type AB has the A and B antigens on the red blood cells, but doesn’t have any A or B antibodies in the cells’ plasma. They can only donate to other Type ABs, but they’re called the universal recipient because they can receive blood from all the other blood types. Since Type AB can only be

Country/Blood Type Canada Finland Hong Kong USA AB+ 2.5 7 7 3 AB– 0.5 1 0.02 1 A+ 36 38 25.9 34 A– 6 6 0.08 6 B+ 7.6 15 26.9 9 Type/Blood Type Demand Supply AB+ 3 3.4 AB– 1 0.65 A+ 34 27.9 A– 6 5.17 B+ 9 11.63 3

Specific Aim 2: Determine the risk of different blood products in the outcome of viral infections Blood products contain red blood cells, white blood cells, sera, and plasma. HPV DNA has been detected in different blood products including PBMCs, sera, and plasma of HPV-positive patients and