Concept explainers
To review:
The benefit of conducting research on evolution in a population of short-lived organisms such as fruit flies.
Introduction:
Evolution is a process that occurs over many generations.
Explanation of Solution
Many generations have to go through selection (natural selection or artificial selection by scientists) for evolution to occur. If a particular trait gives an organism an advantage in survival, it will become common in the population. Organisms with a short lifespan are preferred for the study of evolution because such organisms reach maturity soon. Therefore, many generations of organisms can be included in the experiment. On the contrary, if an organism with a long lifespan were to be chosen for study, it would take years to perform the experiment.
As seen in the starvation experiment, the study of organisms with a short lifespan allows the researcher to include many generations in the experiment.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? GDE.TO BIOLOGY W/PHYSIO.
- How does genetic information provides evidence for evolution? Give species examplesarrow_forwardwhich statement is false? 1)In the context of the evolution of senescence, the aphorism "live fast and die young" means that organisms with a more risky behavior will have a shorter life span. 2)Allopatric speciation is a type of speciation process that takes place in different geographic locations.arrow_forwardHow might an evolutionary biologist explain why a species of salamander becomes blind after colonizing a cave? Group of answer choices Members of the ancestral population that colonized the cave differed in their ability to see. If maintaining the ability to see in the cave was a waste of energy, blind salamanders might actually have more offspring than those who could see. It is possible that in the cave there is a source of pollution that increases the mutation rate for a gene that makes salamanders blind. Over time, due to exposure to this chemical, the membersof the population lose their sight. There is no way to explain this in terms of natural selection. The members of this salamander species no longer needed to use their eyes. Over time, due to lack of use, they lost the ability to see.arrow_forward
- Describe mutations that do not affect protein structure or function and provide details of how such mutations may play a role in evolutionary change and speciation. Give a specific example (including both the phenotypes and mutation)arrow_forwardExplain the reasoning behind the statement “Evolution is not goal oriented.”arrow_forwardName the phenomenon by which rapid speciation takes place?arrow_forward
- Compare the forms of speciation that are slow to those that occur more rapidly. Make a list of the slow and fast forms. With regard to mechanisms of genetic change, what features do slow and rapid speciation have in common? What features are different?arrow_forwardWhat types of information provide the clues that scientists use in investigating evolutionary relationships?arrow_forward13) The model shows the process of evolution at work in a population of aphids with varying amounts of pesticide resistance. Select ALL of the requirements for evolution to occur. A) Sexual reproduction must occur. B) The final population is purely random. C) Genetic variation must exist in the population. D) Those with the highest pesticide resistance reproduced. E) Only those with the highest pesticide resistance level survived exposure to the pesticide. Not Gradedarrow_forward
- Discuss the two principles on which evolution is based.arrow_forwardThe biological species concept is based on the assumption that species are reproductively isolated and do not share genes. And yet a number of organisms that are considered different species hybridize (mate and exchange genes). Hybridization between different species is more common in plants than in animals. Propose some possible reasons for this difference.arrow_forwardWith two specific examples, explain why phylogenetics is a useful scientific tool for studying Organismal biology?arrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning