Determine the kinetic energy of (a) a 29-kg mass moving at 122 m/s, (b) a tennis ball weighing 58.5 g moving at 71.3 mph, (c) a beryllium atom moving at 355 m/s, (d) a neutron moving at 3.000 × 103 m/s.
(a)
Interpretation:
Kinetic energy should be calculated in the given statement by using the equation of kinetic energy
Concept Introduction:
Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer heat where work is the movement of a body using some force. The SI unit of energy is joule (
where
Explanation of Solution
To find: Determine the kinetic energy of a
Kinetic energy (in joule) is calculated using the formula:
where
Therefore, the kinetic energy of a
(b)
Interpretation:
Kinetic energy should be calculated in the given statement by using the equation of kinetic energy
Concept Introduction:
Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer heat where work is the movement of a body using some force. The SI unit of energy is joule (
where
Explanation of Solution
To find: Determine the kinetic energy of a tennis ball weighing
Kinetic energy (in joule) is calculated using the formula:
where
The mass of the tennis ball in kilograms is
The velocity of the tennis ball in meters per second is
Substitute the given values in the formula,
Therefore, the kinetic energy of a tennis ball weighing
(c)
Interpretation:
Kinetic energy should be calculated in the given statement by using the equation of kinetic energy
Concept Introduction:
Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer heat where work is the movement of a body using some force. The SI unit of energy is joule (
where
Explanation of Solution
To find: Determine the kinetic energy of a beryllium atom moving at
Kinetic energy (in joule) is calculated using the formula:
where
The mass of a beryllium atom in kilograms is
Substitute the given values in the formula,
Therefore, the kinetic energy of a beryllium atom moving at
(d)
Interpretation:
Kinetic energy should be calculated in the given statement by using the equation of kinetic energy
Concept Introduction:
Energy is the capacity to do work or transfer heat where work is the movement of a body using some force. The SI unit of energy is joule (
where
Explanation of Solution
To find: Determine the kinetic energy of a neutron moving at
Kinetic energy (in joule) is calculated using the formula:
where
The mass of a neutron in kilograms is
Substitute the given values in the formula,
Therefore, the kinetic energy of a neutron moving at
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
- Helium is the lightest noble gas and the second most abundant element (after hydrogen) in the universe. (a) The radius of a helium atom is 3.1x10-11 m; the radius of its nucleus is 2.5x10-15 m. What fraction of the spherical atomic volume is occupied by the nucleus (V of a sphere 5 4/ 3πr3)? (b) The mass of a helium-4 atom is 6.64648x10-24 g, and each of its two electrons has a mass of 9.10939x10-28 g. What fraction of this atom’s mass is contributed by its nucleus?arrow_forwardThe unit of energy in atomic units is given by me 167 eh (A) 1 E, (В) 1 E, 167 m,eh me 167 s,h (C) 1 E, = me (D) 1 E, = 165,harrow_forwardCalculate the average atomic mass of Amazium, a newly discovered element (Amazium, symbol Az) which is determined by mass spectrometry to have two isotopes with the following masses and percent (%) composition (abundance) Show work.arrow_forward
- How much energy is required to completely separate an electron from a proton that is 230.0 pmpm away? Express the energy in joules to four significant figures.arrow_forwardAM radio stations broadcast at frequencies between 530 kHz and 1700 kHz. ( 1 kHz 1.23 x 10° kHz, what is the energy of this radio wave? Note that Planck's constant is 10/s.) For a station broadcasting at 6.63 x 10-34 J.s, and the speed of light is •S, 3.00 x 10° m/s. Energy = Jarrow_forwardThe energy released by the nuclear bomb that destroyed Hiroshima was equivalent to 12.4 kilotons of TNT. This is equivalent to 1.44 x 1014 J. The mass that was converted into energy in this explosion was ____ Use: E = mc² where the speed of light is 3.00 x 108 m/s. Note that 1 J = 1 kg m²/s²arrow_forward
- By one estimate, an electron travels around the nucleus of an atom at a speed of 1.50 x 10^6 m/s. a) What is this speed in km/hr? b) What is this speed in mi/hr ( 1 km = 0.6214mi)? c) If the circumference of Earth is 24,900 miles, how long would it take for an electron traveling at this speed to circle the Earth? Please give your answer in seconds.arrow_forwardFor a Hydrogen Atom these energies can be calculated by the following equation: 1 Latulan he - - ATelacirun- R n Ru-2.179 x 10-18J (Hydrogen atom) The Helium Ion, Het, has energy levels similar to those of the hydrogen atom. The helium ion, like the hydrogen atom, has only one electron. This eliminates electron-electron interactions, and allows us to calculate the energies of the electron in each of the energy levels (n = 1, 2, 3 .) of the helium ion: 8.7149 x 10-18J Eçloetron - RH - 8.7149 x 1018J n (Helium Iou) The energy released as a photon (Ephoton), when the electron in the helium ion (He*) transitions from higher energy levels to lower energy levels in the ion, can be calculated by the equation: 1 + Ephoton - hc -- AEelectron - RHet ----- n? (Helitun Ion) 1 8.7149 x 1018J. n ni) (Helium Ion) Calculate the electron energies (Eelectron) of the first 4 energy levels in the helium ion (He*): n = [ Select ] x 10-18 J n2 = [ Select] v x 10-18 J n3 = [ Select] v x 1018 J n4 = [ Select)…arrow_forward(d) the ion with 74 electrons, 116 neutrons, and a +3 chargearrow_forward
- A mass spectrometer is being used to separate common oxygen-16 from the much rarer oxygen-18, taken from a sample of old glacial ice. (The relative abundance of these oxygen isotopes is related to climatic temperature at the time the ice was deposited.) The ratio of the masses of these two ions is 16 to 18, the mass of oxygen-16 is 2.66 ✕ 10−26 kg, and they are singly charged and travel at 7.40 ✕ 106 m/s in a 1.40 T magnetic field. What is the separation (in m) between their paths when they hit a target after traversing a semicircle?arrow_forwardPredict and test the behavior of α particles fired at a “plum pudding” model atom.(a) Predict the paths taken by α particles that are fired at atoms with a Thomson’s plum pudding model structure.Explain why you expect the α particles to take these paths.(b) If α particles of higher energy than those in (a) are fired at plum pudding atoms, predict how their paths will differ from the lower-energy α particle paths. Explain your reasoning.(c) Now test your predictions from (a) and (b). Open the Rutherford Scattering simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetScatter) and select the “Plum Pudding Atom” tab. Set “Alpha ParticlesEnergy” to “min,” and select “show traces.” Click on the gun to start firing α particles. Does this match your prediction from (a)? If not, explain why the actual path would be that shown in the simulation. Hit the pause button,or “Reset All.” Set “Alpha Particles Energy” to “max,” and start firing α particles. Does this match your prediction from (b)? If not,…arrow_forwardHypothetical elements X and Y form a molecule XY2, inwhich both Y atoms are bonded to atom X (and not to oneanother). The X—X distance in the elemental form of X is2.04 Å, and the Y—Y distance in elemental Y is 1.68 Å. Whatwould you predict for the X—Y distance in the XY2 molecule?(a) 0.84 Å (b) 1.02 Å (c) 1.86 Å (d) 2.70 Å (e) 3.72 Åarrow_forward
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning