(a)
Interpretation:
The observed specific reaction has to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The pair of Enantiomers has different configurations.
Pair of enantiomers has different optical activity, which means if one will show levorotatory then the other will show dextrorotatory.
The direction and magnitude of rotation of plane-polarized light by an optically compound is measured by using polarimeter.
This rotation of polarized light is specific for a compound at specified temperature and wavelength, so it is called as Specific rotation of that compound.
The specific rotation of enantiomers has equal magnitudes and opposite signs.
Racemic mixture (equal amounts of enantiomers) of a compound has zero specific rotation.
(b)
Interpretation:
The observed specific reaction has to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The pair of Enantiomers has different configurations.
Pair of enantiomers has different optical activity, which means if one will show levorotatory then the other will show dextrorotatory.
The direction and magnitude of rotation of plane-polarized light by an optically compound is measured by using polarimeter.
This rotation of polarized light is specific for a compound at specified temperature and wavelength, so it is called as Specific rotation of that compound.
The specific rotation of enantiomers has equal magnitudes and opposite signs.
Racemic mixture (equal amounts of enantiomers) of a compound has zero specific rotation.
If the mixture contain unequal amount of enantiomers of a compound, then the amount of excess of enantiomer is called enantiomeric excess or optical purity. It is calculated by,
(c)
Interpretation:
The observed specific reaction has to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
The pair of Enantiomers has different configurations.
Pair of enantiomers has different optical activity, which means if one will show levorotatory then the other will show dextrorotatory.
The direction and magnitude of rotation of plane-polarized light by an optically compound is measured by using polarimeter.
This rotation of polarized light is specific for a compound at specified temperature and wavelength, so it is called as Specific rotation of that compound.
The specific rotation of enantiomers has equal magnitudes and opposite signs.
Racemic mixture (equal amounts of enantiomers) of a compound has zero specific rotation.
If the mixture contain unequal amount of enantiomers of a compound, then the amount of excess of enantiomer is called enantiomeric excess or optical purity. It is calculated by,
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)
- Saquinavir (trade name Incirase) belongs to a class of drugs called protease inhibitors, which are used to treat HIV. Locate all the stereogenic centers in the drug saquinavir. H. H. N. N. H. NH2 OH O: saquinavir Trade name: Invirase NH O:arrow_forwardWhich two compounds, when mixed in equimolar amounts, would make a solution that is NOT optically active? СООН COOH ÇOOH СООН H- -OH Но- но- -H H- -CI H- CI H- -CI CI- -H H- -O- ČH3 ĆH3 IV a. I and II b. I and III c. I and IV d. III and IV The specific rotation of pure (R)-carvone is -61°. An enantiomeric mixture of (R) and (S) carvone has an observed rotation of +10°. Which enantiomer is in excess? b. (S)-carvone d. Cannot be determined a. (R)-carvone c. Neither, they have equal amountsarrow_forwardPlane-polarized light is transmitted through a chamber that contains a single enantiomer and rotates to the right. Plane-polarized light passed through a chamber containing the other enantiomer would rotate ________ A. to the right B. not at all C. in a way that cannot be predicted D. to the left A 1:1 mixture of the enantiomers would rotate ______ A. to the right B. not at all C. in a way that cannot be predicted D. to the leftarrow_forward
- Thuggacin C is a natural product with excellent biological activity. How many chirality centers does Thuggacin C have? a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9arrow_forward(- )- Mandelic acid has a specific rotation of - 158°. What would be the specific rotation of a solution which contains 50% (- )- mandelic acid and 50% (+ )- mandelic acid? А. 0° В. + 79° O C. The value must be experimentally determined D. - 79°arrow_forwardConsider BROMOCHLOROFLUOROMETHANE. Answer the following questions. a. Does it have a plane of symmetry? (Yes or No)b. Is it superimposable on its mirror image? (Yes or No)c. I it Chiral or Achiral?arrow_forward
- The sample that has no effect on the plane polarised light is a solution of (2S,3R)-diaminebutane (2S,3S)-diaminebutane (2R,3R)-diaminebutane An equimolar mixture of a & b a. b. C. d.arrow_forwardWhy is the center of the electrostatic potential map of benzene more red than the center of the electrostatic potential map of pyridine?arrow_forwardThe specific rotation for a pure enantiomer is known to be -45 g- mL-1 dm-1. A sample containing both enantiomers is found to have an observed rotation of -0.50° in a 1dm tube at a concentration of 4.2g/100 mL. What is the optical purity of the sample? O a. 20.6% Ob. 30.8% Oc. 26.4% O d. 36.5%arrow_forward
- Question 2. The cycloheptatrienyl cation was first prepared more than a century ago by reaction of Br with cycloheptatriene. Draw the molecular orbital diagrams for the cycloheptatrienyl cation. Indicate if this compound is aromatic, non-aromatic or anti-aromatic using this energy diagram. Justify your answer. HH H Br2 &arrow_forwardB. C. D. Answer: A diastereomers Den budo enantiomers or ingge the same compound different compounds 64. What is the specific rotation of pure (S)-carvone if a sample of (R)-carvone of 85% ee has a specific rotation of -52? A -61 B. 64 C. D. A. B. C₂ D. 0 61 Answer: D 65. What is the specific rotation of a sample of carvone that is an equal mixture of the R and Senantiomers? (R)- carvone has a specific rotation of -61. -61 64 0 61 Answer: C 66. What is the relationship of the following two structures? $arrow_forward3. (+)-Tartaric acid has a specific rotation of +12.0°. Calculate the specific rotation of a mixture of 68% (+)-tartaric acid and 32% (-)-tartaric acid.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning