(a)
Interpretation:
The structural formula has to be drawn for ethanol and methanol.
Concept introduction:
Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix- Denotes the presence of
Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
(b)
Interpretation:
The name of the alcohol has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry).IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.
Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc. To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound. For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on
Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
(c)
Interpretation:
The structural formula has to be drawn for the isomer of 1-propanol.
Concept introduction:
Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry In Context
- 1. There are five structural isomers for hexane, C6H₁4. Draw the five structures using simplified structural formulae. For example, one of the isomers of butane, C4H₁0, could be drawn as CH3CH₂CH₂CH3. Use the same sort of format for the other questions on this page. 2. STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM 3. Draw as many structural isomers as possible for C3H8O. Draw as many structural isomers as you can for CH₂0 containing a benzene ring. 4. Draw as many structural isomers as you can for C4H8O₂ containing the grouparrow_forwardMultiple Choice: Answer the questions that follow. Choose the best letter among the given choices for each item. 1. Which of the following compounds is a functional group isomer of C2H5OH, ethanol (ethyl alcohol)? A. ethanal, CH3CHO B. dimethyl ether, (CH3)2O 2. Two isomeric forms of a saturated hydrocarbon A. have the same structure. C. acetic acid, CH3COOH D. diethyl ether, (C2H5)2O B. have different compositions of elements. C. have the same molecular formula. D. react vigorously with one another. 3. The reaction of water with alkene to produce an alcohol is alan reaction. A. Saponification B. Condensation C. Combustion D. Addition 4. The organic starting materials for the preparation of an ester could be C. a ketone and alcohol D. alkane and aldehyde A. an acid and alcohol B. water and oxygen 5. What is the product of the following reaction? RoH • R'OH A. ester B. aldehyde C. alcohol D. alkyne 6. K The isomerism shown is A. chain B. functional C. positional D. geometric HHH 7. -…arrow_forwardName 5 common organic compounds that are found in your home. Draw their Lewis structures and give their molecular formula. Encircle and identify the functional group/s that is/ are present in each molecule. Write your answers in another sheet of paper.arrow_forward
- Identify the functional groups present in the structure below. ỌCH3 H3C. Functional Groups a. alkene b. alkyne c. arene d. halide e. alcohol f. ester g. ether h. nitrile i. carboxylic acid j. thiol CH3 N₁ `N Esomeprazole (Nexium) LOCH3arrow_forward11. Look at the two structures shown below to answer questions a-g a. Build 2 different molecules with the substituents listed below using your modeling kit. You should use a carbon as the central atom. Insert the pictures here. CI F 小小 H Br CI Br b. Are these two molecules the same? c. Can these 2 molecules be laid over each other in a way that allows all of the atoms in the molecule to line up with each other? d. Stereoisomers are 2 molecules with chiral carbons that have the same molecular formula but differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in space. Are these two structures stereoisomers? e. Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed on each other no matter how they are rotated. Are these 2 structures enantiomers? f. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed on each other no matter how they are rotated. Are these 2 structures diastereomers? g. Based on the…arrow_forwardDraw the structural formula for each of the following. a.3-isobutylhexane b.2,2,4-trimethylpentane, also called isoocta11e. This substance is the reference (100 level) for octane ratings. c. 2-tert-butylpentane d.The names given in parts a and c are incorrect.Give the correct names for these hydrocarbonsarrow_forward
- Why are there millions of organic compounds but only thousands of inorganic compounds? a. Actually, the ratio of carbon atoms to organic molecules is less than the ratio of other elements to inorganic molecules. b. There are more carbon atoms, therefore more carbon compounds. c. Carbon atoms can link to other carbon atoms as well as with atoms of other elements. d. It is easy for carbon to link with other atoms.arrow_forwardDetermine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O H* OH O OH Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. H* OH X In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structure of the missing organic molecule X. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardC5H12 has 3 structural isomers C6H14 has 5 structural isomers C7H16 has 9 structural isomers. I get what a structural isomer is, but when I see a statement like the 3 statements above, I wonder if there is a way I can figure out how many structural isomers something has? I'm in CHEM 2. We didnt talk about that but when I see a slide he has telling me this, and I am wondering what to take from the slide...hmmm.arrow_forward
- For number 1, please refer to the first image attached and the number 2 the second image. 1. What are the products for this chemical reaction? A. Sodium ethanol and Hydrogen gas B. Sodium ethanal and Water C. Sodium ethanoate and Water D. Sodium ethanoic acid and Water 2. What is the product for this chemical reaction? A. Ethanol B. Ethanal C. Ethanoic acid D. Ethanonearrow_forwardEight organic oxygen compounds are shown below. Select the correct functional group by matching the corresponding roman numeral (I, II, III, etc.) with the correct name.II- a. phenolb. aldehydec. ketoned. 1 alcohole. carboxylic acidf. 3 alcoholg. 2 alcoholh. esterIV-a. phenolb. aldehydec. ketoned. 1 alcohole. carboxylic acidf. 3 alcoholg. 2 alcoholh. esterVI-a. phenolb. aldehydec. ketoned. 1 alcohole. carboxylic acidf. 3 alcoholg. 2 alcoholh. esterVIII-a. phenolb. aldehydec. ketoned. 1 alcohole. carboxylic acidf. 3 alcoholg. 2 alcoholh. esterarrow_forward2-pentanol c. isobutanol b, 10. What results when a secondary alcohol is oxidized? a. a ketone d. an acid b. an amine e. no reaction c. an akdehyde 1. Which statement is incorreet concerning these two molecules with the same formula, C,H.O?arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY