Concept explainers
a.
To determine:
The term that describes “protein-coding segment”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Protein-coding segment: Exon.
Explanation of Solution
b.
To determine:
The term that describes “transcription begins here”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Transcription begins here: Promoter.
Explanation of Solution
c.
To determine:
The term that describes “read as base triplets”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Read as base triplets: Genetic message.
Explanation of Solution
d.
To determine:
The term that describes “removed before translation”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Removed before translation: Intron.
Explanation of Solution
e.
To determine:
The term that describes “occurs only in groups”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Occurs only in groups: Polysome.
Explanation of Solution
The ribosome is the cell organelle that has the capability to synthesize proteins. The process of conversion of
f.
To determine:
The term that describes “64 codons”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
64 codons: Genetic code.
Explanation of Solution
A collection of three bases that has the capability to code for a particular amino acid is called codon. Codons are present in the
g.
To determine:
The term that describes “destroy ribosomes”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Destroy ribosomes:
Explanation of Solution
h.
To determine:
The term that describes “often causes a frameshift”.
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Often causes a frameshift: Deletion.
Explanation of Solution
Mutation is defined as the changes in the genetic material of an organism. There are different types of mutation, such as frameshift mutation and so on. Generally, mutation occurs either due to insertion or deletion in the genetic material. Frameshift is caused due to the deletion of a
i.
To determine:
The term that describes “enzymatic
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Enzymatic
Explanation of Solution
Every organism present in nature contains genetic material. There are two types of genetic material. These are
j.
To determine:
The term that describes “binds to codon
Answer to Problem 16SA
Correct answer:
Binds to codon: Anticodon.
Explanation of Solution
The
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Chapter 9 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
- CTA GCC CTC CGT TAC TAG TTA CCT ACT TAT TCA ATT TTG TAA ACG CTC ATC CGA ACC CGC TTT TAA TTG CCC ACT TAG TCG ATT ACC CGT TTA TGT TAA TTA CCT ATC 2. Figure out the tRNA triplet (codons) that would fit the mRNA triplets. (letter by letter)arrow_forwardInitiation of translation begins when the ____. Ribosomal small subunit binds to the 5’ end of the mRNA Large and small subunits link together, then bind to the 3’ end of the mRNA Small and large subunits bind to the start codon followed by the initiator tRNA None of the abovearrow_forwardE The arrow in the diagram below indicates the direction of transcription. BTTL c. A ATGCCGCA AUGCCCCAAUCUG TACGGCGTTAGAC OA OB с Q Search Which letter indicates the 5' end of the DNA template strand? R F TTCACGCACTCATSTOFACCACGTA T G Direction of synthesis- CG STACATGAGIAC LOC Y H Krit & 7 FO U 99+ * 8 D ATEGTGCAT CVBNM MO DE 79 Alt F:-10 KL E 0 P ^ @ ¹ F12 Ctrl 10:37 AM 4/8/2023 10arrow_forward
- TAAA box کر کر کے Translation initiation codon Exon 1 Intron 1 D. No effect E. Protein truncation Exon 2 Intron 2 Stop codon Exon 3 Mutation site, deletion of 2 nucleotides Polyadenylation signal 173. The diagram shows the structure of a hypothetical gene. Which of the following is most likely to result from the mutation at the site indicated? A. 5' Capping defect B. Abnormal translation initiation C. Altered transcriptionarrow_forwarda.Label the diagram b.What is one differences between initiation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation? A A AUCG 5'TT GGGUUUACG G E B.arrow_forwardThe sigma subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase _____. a. binds to a bacterial gene’s promoter b. is composed of both polypeptide and RNA molecules c. is required for termination of transcription d. is required for RNA polymerization e. is required for ribosomal bindingarrow_forward
- Below is a DNA template strand for RNA transcription where the * and “ mark the beginning and end of 2 introns. Show what the final mRNA would look like. 5’ ATTTGCG*AATGAGAGTCC*GCATTACGATG“CAATGCAGTG”TTTAAGCGCGCATTAA 3’arrow_forwardSelect the features of a eukaryotic mRNA that are not encoded in the genome. Select all that apply. O Intron O Exon 5' Cap O Poly A tail Promoter O start codonarrow_forwardWhich process is illustrated in the diagram? Pre-mRNA ron Lariat BI F4 Exon 1 O Replication R C F Step 1 Transcription Step 2 Intron Q Search 5 T mRNA Eon 1 Exon 2 G Exon 2 F6 Elon Y F7 H & 7 U F8 *00 * 8 99+ J₁ 85 F9 ALTER 9 B 5 O V BN MO Alt F10 K 2 F11 0 L P < F12 10:01 AM 4/8/2023 Ctrl 10arrow_forward
- During RNA processing, the ____ of the intron is cut first. Internal A 3' end 5' end Lariatarrow_forwardUse a codon chart determine the amino acid sequence. Remember to read through the strand and ONLY start after the promoter and STOP when it tells you to stop. Follow example below: Example: DNA AGA TATA TAC CTC CGG TGG GTG CTT GTC TGT ATC CTT CTC AGT ATC MRNA O protein AUG GAG GCC ACC CAC GAA CAG ACA UAG GAA GAG UCA UAG start-glu-ala-thre-hist - asp-glu-threo-stop met DNA CCT ATA TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC mRNA DGGA UAU) AUG uGul Gcc nccl cAul GCol protein ly Tur MeT cys AlA ser HIJ Ala 2 3 4 DNA AGA ACT ATA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA mRNA protein DNA TAT ATAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC mRNA protein D DNA TAA ACT ATA TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC mRNA protein Auu UGA UAU AGU GAUCGA AUC MAG Auu AAU leu Stop. TRY-Met-Asp- ARG-Isle-Stop-Ile. Asn DNA CTA TTT ATA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC mRNA protein D DNA CAT ATA TAC CTT AGT TAT CCA TTG ACT CGA ATT GTG CGC TTG…arrow_forwarda. promoter region b. RNA polymerase C. antisense strand d. poly-A tail e. 5' cap f. splicing 8. anticodon loop h. acceptor stem L peptide bond A site 1. connects amino acid to polypeptide chain and leaves tRNA 2. transcribed strand that will go on to translation 3. recognized by the protein synthesis machinery 4. part of tRNA with nucleotides complementary to MRNA 5. enzyme that connects RNA nucleotides to DNA template 6. site where tRNA with amino acid enters the ribosome - 7. intron sequences are removed and exons are combined together 8. region of DNA with sequences that com bìne with RNA polymerase 9. site where amino acid combines with ERNA 10. makes RNA mare stable in the cytoplasmarrow_forward
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