2. SRY: What is the role of this gene in sex determination? How does this gene explain the function of the Y chromosome? Does SRY act in a Mendelian manner in determining whether gonads become ovaries or testes?
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Genetics Question 2
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- 3. Complete the following table with the number of autosomes and the types of sex chromosomes found at different stages of oocyte and spermatocyte development. # of autosomes and types Stage in Male of sex chromosomes # of autosomes and types of sex chromosomes Stage in Female Primary 0ocyte Secondary oocyte Ovum Primary spermatocyte Secondary spermatocyte Spermatozoan7. In a rare event, the human ovaries may release two ovum during ovulation and each ovum may subsequently be fertilized by sperm with an extra set of sex chromosomes. As a result, this may lead to a dizygotic pregnancy of 1 boy (sex chromosome combination with only 1 X chromosome) and 1 girl (sex chromosome combination with X chromosomes only). Interpret how the described fertilization event may affect each of the resultant offspring in comparison to a normal fertilization. You answer must make specific reference to chromosome number and the related symptoms. '3 View the diagram of fertilization with the sex chromosomes shown below. Identify the disorder that an offspring would have if an egg cell that has an extra copy of the X chromosome were to be fertilized by a sperm cell. Determine the gender of the zygote. Describe the effects of the resulting condition. X 11x X Egg cell X X MI Y Zygote Y Sperm Cell
- How would mutations that completely ablate the function of the androgen receptor impact the phenotypic development of humans with XY chromosomes? Patients would appear phenotypically female Patients would appear phenotypically male with underdeveloped secondary sex characteristics Patients would appear phenotypically male, but cannot produce sperm Patients would express both male and female secondary sex characteristics.1. Can a test determine an individual's biological sex? And can testosterone produced by an athlete's own body provide an unfair advantage? 2. At the bottom of the section on development is a graph showing testosterone levels for male and female athletes. Most female athletes have less than 5 nm/L of testosterone, but a few have as high as 30 nmol/L which is above the average for male athletes. Which genetic condition(s) can cause XX individuals to have high testosterone levels? (3) The AR gene codes for a transcription factor which is only functional when testosterone is present. Based on what you know about transcription factors and about sex determination explain (A) Why do XY individuals with a mutation in the AR gene develop as females despite having male levels of testosterone? (B) Would you expect such individuals to be more muscular than an average female? (4) Do the case studies for the sprinter and the swimmer. Should they be eligible to compete? Explain your answer.Does Y chromosome play a role in sex determination ?
- Which of the following can arise from a zygotic mitotic problem in an individual with a normal XY genotype? A) Kleinfelter's syndrome. B Hermaphroditism. Male pseudohermaphroditism. Female pseudohermaphroditism. E Turner's syndrome.What is the general role of the gene product of SRY in human sex determination? Also, on which chromosome(s) is the SRY gene normally located?1. How do humans maintain the normal number of chromosomes across generations?2. What is the relationship between a DNA molecule and a chromosome? 3. Create an artwork (illustration/drawing) that differentiates autosomes and sex chromosomes.4. Research on in vitro fertilization, discuss or identify the importance of in vitro fertilization.
- 1. Cite differences between frog and chicken ovary. Cite the differences of spermatogenesis on frog and chicken.Are sex-linked diseasesassociated only to genes ofthe X chromosome?a) Define Disorders of Sex Development (DSD). b) Explain why gene mutations affecting gonad development may lead to DSD conditions. c) What is sex-chromosome mosaicism? When and how may this mosaicism arise?