During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes. The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4. For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8. In an organism with a haploid number of 2n=6 , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384

During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes. The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4. For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8. In an organism with a haploid number of 2n=6 , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter10: Cell Reproduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RQ: The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure? centromere centroscme kinetochore cleavage...

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Protein complex present at centromeres in mitotic cells structure formed when DNA wraps around an octameric histone core Protein complex that is degraded at anaphase to allow sister chromatids to separate at mitosis microtubule based structure used to segregate chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis 1. cohesin complex 2. kinetochore 3. monopolin 4. nucleosome 5. synaptonemal complex 6. telomere 7. sister chromatid 8. spindle
Indicate the stage of mitosis (interphase = I, prophase = P, metaphase = M, anaphase = A, telophase = T) during which each of the following events occur. chromatid doublets separate to individual chromosomescentriole replicatesreplicated chromosomes (chromatid doublets) are arranged in single file next to one another at the cell's equatornuclear membrane is disappearingspindle fibers form and become visiblecell plate (plant) or cleavage furrow (animal) forms and is visiblechromosomes are at opposite poles of the cell; cytokinesis is almost completedchromosomes (chromatids) first become visible as long thin strandsDNA (chromosome) replication occurs
The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure? centromere centroscme kinetochore cleavage furrow
Describe how the duplicated bacterial chromosomes are distributed into new daughter cells without the direction of the mitotic spindle.
Across framework for chrom 11 osome movement during cell division 14 15 17 19.) the stage of çell division in which the cytoplasm divides to fórm two daughter cells 8. 9- 10 20.) chromosomes that are similar in morphology and genetic costitution 11 12 13 14 Down 15 16 14.) repeating units of chromatin structure, each consisting of a length of DNA wound around a complex of eight histone molecules 17 18 19 20 17.) The division of the cell nucleus resulting in two daughter nuclel, each with the same
differentiate Normalchromosome andInvertedchromosome
Using playing cards: what does this arrangement represent? O Prophase II O Prophase I O Mitotic Metaphase O Mitotic Anaphase O Metaphase | O Anaphase II O Intephase O Mitotic Telophase O Metaphase l O Telophase II O Anaphase I
Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase 1 + Cytokinesis Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II + Cytokinesis TI +cytokinesis MI AI A: TI PTT AI PI homologous chromosomes line up in the center of the cell spindle fibers pull homologous pairs apart to ends of the cell 4 haploid (1N) daughter cells form sister chromatids separate from each other 2 haploid (1N) daughter cells form nuclear membrane dissolves in these haploid (1N) cells individual chromatids move to each end of the cell crossing-over (if any) occurs 44. What is a zygote? Diploid cell formed by the fusion of 2 haploid gametes during tabilization 45. How does sexual reproduction (fertilization) increase diversity of a species? 46. What is a karyotype? Chromosomes found in cells, systematic arrangement acendy to size, shape 47. What is the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes? Not involved in determing sex 48. What can sex chromosomes usually determine? 49. a. What is "trisomy" and "monosomy"?…
Translocations ___________ Part of OneChromosome to Another Chromosome
Beginning with the G1 phase of the cell cycle, describe the levelof compaction of the eukaryotic chromosome. How does thelevel of compaction change as the cell progresses through thecell cycle? Why is it necessary to further compact the chromatinduring mitosis?
МЕТАРНASЕ Centrioles at opposite end of cell Spindle fibres attached to centromeres 46 double stranded chromosomes lined up along the metaphase plate Diploid cell 2n = ΑΝΑΡΗΑASE Centrioles at opposite poles Spindle fibres attaches to centromeres of the single stranded chromosomes 46 chromosomes get separated - 46 chromatids get pulled to each pole by spindle fibres Diploid cell 2n =
A) Quiescent Anaphase Telophase Telophase phase Metaphase Prometaph The maternal and paternal chromosomes of each homologous pair separate and reach the poles of the cell, nuclear envelopes form around them, and cytokinesis follows to produce daughter cells.