What peptides are expected to be produced when the A chain of bovine insulin (Figure 5.16) is cleaved by (a) chymotrypsin, or (b) trypsin, or (c) carboxypeptidase A?
Protein is a polymer of amino acids connected together via peptide bond. It may have one or multiple peptide chains. A linear chain of amino acids is termed peptide chain. Protein is the functional and structural unit of a cell. It acts as the functional molecule of a cell and is synthesized on ribosomes during translation using the information encoded in the mRNA.
Insulin is a type of enzyme that is responsible for maintaining the blood glucose level. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas by the stimulation of increased blood glucose levels. It triggers the uptake of blood glucose by muscles and the liver.
Insulin protein has two chains, A and B. The A chain has 21 amino acids and the A chain of bovine insulin differs from that of human insulin at positions 8 and 10. Bovine A chain has Ala at position 8 and Val at position 10 whereas humans A chain has Thr at position 8 and Ile at position 10. There is also a third site, position 30, where bovine and human insulin differs. Bovine insulin has Ala at this position and human insulin has Thr at this position.
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