Chapter 1, Problem 22P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using eq. 1.16, the energies of atomic orbitals of hydrogen with n=1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are to be determined and relative spacings of the energy levels is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Atomic orbitals are regions of space around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is likely to be found and it describes the wave like behavior of one electron or pair of electron in an atom.

The most commonly filled orbitals are s, p, d, and f. Each such orbital can filled by a maximum of two electrons, each with opposite spin.

Each atomic orbital may be uniquely labelled by a set of four quantum numbers: n, l, ${\text{m}}_{\text{l}}$ and ${\text{m}}_{\text{s}}$. Here n is the principal quantum number, l is orbital quantum number, ${\text{m}}_{\text{l}}$ is the magnetic quantum number and ${\text{m}}_{\text{s}}$ is spin quantum number. The values of the four quantum numbers are unique for each orbital.