Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 10, Problem 16Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Antibiotics are the drugs that are developed to treat infections caused by various microbes. They are specific for infections caused by specific microbes. Therefore, non-recommended antibiotics pose a risk of toxicity.
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(a) Describe how a microorganism may become resistant to a drug to which it was
previously susceptible.
(b) What can health care workers do to help prevent the development of drug
resistant microbes?
(c) What can you do on a personal level to help prevent the development of drug
resistant microbes?
2.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers antibioticresistance to be one of the world’s most pressing health problems. How can scientists help solve this problem? (Consider both technology and the general public.)
Why are the risks associated with antibiotics hard to understand?
Please describe in detail with reasoning in a supporting paragraph.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 10.1 - State the main goal of antimicrobial treatment.Ch. 10.1 - Identify the sources for the most commonly used...Ch. 10.1 - Describe two methods for testing antimicrobial...Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 10.1 - NCLEX PREP 1. An RN is caring for a 26-year-old...Ch. 10.2 - Explain the concept of selective toxicity.Ch. 10.2 - List the five major targets of antimicrobial...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 10.2 - Distinguish between broad-spectrum and...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 9AYP
Ch. 10.2 - Explain the mode of action of penicillinases and...Ch. 10.2 - Identify two antimicrobials that act by inhibiting...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 10.2 - Identify one example of a fluoroquinolone.Ch. 10.2 - Describe the mode of action of drugs that target...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 10.2 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 10.2 - Explain why antiprotozoal and antihelminthic drugs...Ch. 10.2 - List the three major targets of action of...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 2NPCh. 10.3 - Discuss two main ways that microbes acquire...Ch. 10.3 - List five cellular or structural mechanisms that...Ch. 10.3 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3NPCh. 10.3 - Prob. 1MMCh. 10.4 - Distinguish between drug toxicity and allergic...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4NPCh. 10.4 - Prob. 5NPCh. 10 - Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired through...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2QCh. 10 - Prob. 3QCh. 10 - Prob. 4QCh. 10 - Why does the penicillin group of antibiotics have...Ch. 10 - Prob. 6QCh. 10 - Prob. 7QCh. 10 - Conduct research to find out why drugs blocking...Ch. 10 - Prob. 9QCh. 10 - Prob. 10QCh. 10 - You take a sample from a growth-free portion of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12QCh. 10 - Treating malarial infections is theoretically...Ch. 10 - Can you think of a situation in which it would be...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15QCh. 10 - Prob. 16QCh. 10 - Prob. 17QCh. 10 - Prob. 18QCh. 10 - An antimicrobial drug with a _______ therapeutic...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20QCh. 10 - Prob. 21QCh. 10 - Prob. 1VC
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- Drugs are often given to patients before going into surgery, to dentalpatients with heart disease, or to healthy family members exposed tocontagious infections.a. What word would you use to describe this use of drugs?b. What is the purpose of this form of treatment?c. Explain some potential undesired effects of this form of therapy.d. Define probiotics and list some ways they are used.arrow_forwardA. Write a paragraph (~150 words) explaining why bacterial infections have again become a threat. B. Write a paragraph (~150 words) describing the main causes of the antibiotic crisis. C. Write a paragraph (~150 words) describing what pharmaceutical companies could do to address the problem of antibiotic resistance. D. Write a paragraph (~150 words) describing what people at colleges and universities could do to address the problem of antibiotic resistance.arrow_forwardAntibiotic resistance is a real threat to the human race. Unfortunately, it has not been given the kind of attention it deserves. So a lot of people are unaware of the seriousness of the situation and its consequences. You are expected to do a literature search about this burning issue and turn in a paper. I am not particular about the style you use for the paper. But I am particular about the fact that you must reference every statement you make if you are taking it from somewhere. I want you to use the ACS format to cite your reference Your paper must have an introduction. Your paper must read like an essay (headings are optional). If you use a question answer format I will not grade your paper. Please do not use the numbering or bullet format in writing the paper, the use of paragraphs is more appropriate. Please ensure that your paper is cohesive in font and writing style. In your paper please address the following issues · What are antibiotics? · What is antibiotic resistance? ·…arrow_forward
- Mark all the statements below that are INCORRECT about antibiotic resistance. A. ESBL bacteria contain an enzyme that alters the target site of beta-lactam antibiotics B. Antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria are relatively more common in hospital workers due to continuous exposure to antibiotics in hospital settings C. Antibiotics kill microbes by targeting specific molecules in bacteria and viruses D. Antibiotic resistance can increase due to prescribing or taking antibiotics when the causative agent is a virus E. Antibiotics cause mutations that favor the growth of resistant bacteria F. Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections because viruses lack the structural targets of antibioticsarrow_forwardNo one would dispute the facts that the use of antibiotics is extremely beneficial. Why then are there currently discussions around the idea that we as a society should be limiting our antibiotic use? What are the pros and cons of utilizing antibacterial and antimicrobial products (NOT antibiotics) on a daily basis? Do you agree or disagree that the use of antibiotics should be reduced and if so, how should it be done?arrow_forwardMiracle Mineral Solution (MMS) can cure AIDS, Ebola, cancer, and malaria. Or at least that the website tells potential customers. The inventor and chief advocate of the products is Jim Humble. There is little evidence to support the fact that MMS does anything to patients aside from making them feel worse than they did before they tried it. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is typical in its conclusions about the so-called miracle drug. The FDA is typical in its conclusions about the so-called miracle drug. The FDA identifies it as 28 percent sodium chlorite, which , when mixed with an acid (as recommended), produces a potent form of bleach. The product’s labels suggest high oral doses for the minimum effect. The FDA states the oral doses will produce nothing but nausea, vomiting, dehydration, and diarrhea. Humble claims to have “treated” 100,000 patients in Mexico and other parts of the world. It is also clear that MMS has been used on pancreatic and lung cancer patients…arrow_forward
- The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to A.isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals. B. culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium. C. inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal. D. obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal.arrow_forwardLook at the following Growth/Kill curves. The image on the left is what it would look like if a _____________ drug was used, and on the right it is an image of when a ____________ drug was used. Select one: a.Bacteriocidal / Bacteriostatic b.Bacteriolytic / Bacteriocidal c.None of the Above d.Bacteriostatic / Bacteriolyticarrow_forwardDrugs are often given to surgical patients, to dental patients with heart disease, or to healthy family members exposed to contagious infections. a. What word would you use to describe this use of drugs? b. What is the purpose of this form of treatment? c. Explain some potential undesired effects of this form of therapy. d. Defi ne probiotics and give some ways they are used.arrow_forward
- 1.) Which of the following are criteria for antibiotics? ( Select all that apple) A. Kill viruses B. Chemical substances produced by a microscope C. Effective in small doses D. Stops the growth or kills other microorganisms. 2) which antibiotic inhibits protein synthesis? ( select all that apply) A. Gentamicin B. Amoxicillin C. Erythromycin D. Tetracyclinearrow_forwardBelow, you can see a picture of an antimicrobial drug. Regarding semi-synthetic antimicrobial drug development to try to avoid development of antibiotic resistance, use 1 sentence to address what is the significance/value of the presence of the various R-groups (e.g. R4, R5, R6, etc.)?arrow_forwardAlexander Fleming discovered Penicillin, but its full potential as an effective antibiotic was established by other scientists. Name the two scientists.arrow_forward
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