Physics for Scientists and Engineers
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429281843
Author: Tipler
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 10, Problem 85P
To determine
ToCalculate: The amount of pulsar radius has to have to change.
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Pulsars. When a star with a mass at least ten times that of the Sun explodes outward in a supernova, its core can be collapsed into a
pulsar, which is a spinning star that emits electromagnetic radiation (radio waves or light) in two tight bears in opposite directions. If a
beam sweeps across Earth during the rotation, we can detect repeated pulses of the radiation, one per revolution. (a) The first pulsar
was discovered by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish in 1967; its pulses are separated by 1.3373 s. What is its angular speed in
revolutions per second? (b) To date, the fastest spinning pulsar has an angular speed of 716 rev/s. What is the separation of its detected
pulses in milliseconds?
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(b) Number
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C6M.9 Astar with mass M and radius R collides with another
star of massM and radius R, and coalesce to form a new
star at rest whose radius is R. Assume that initially the
colliding stars had angular velocities with opposite direc-
tions but the same magnitude | What is the magnitude
and direction of the final star's angular velocity? (Express
the magnitude as a fraction of )
A star has a mass of 1.5 x 10^30 kg and is moving in a circular orbit about the center of its galaxy. The radius of the orbit is 2.2 x 10 ^ 4 light years( 1 lightyear = 9.5 x 10 ^15 m ) , and the angular speed of the star is 2.2 x 10 ^ -15 rad/s. a) Determine the tangential speed of the star. b) What is the magnitude of the net force that acts on the star to keep moving around the center of the galaxy?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
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- A massive black hole is believed to exist at the center of our galaxy (and most other spiral galaxies). Since the 1990s, astronomers have been tracking the motions of several dozen stars in rapid motion around the center. Their motions give a clue to the size of this black hole. a. One of these stars is believed to be in an approximately circular orbit with a radius of about 1.50 103 AU and a period of approximately 30 yr. Use these numbers to determine the mass of the black hole around which this star is orbiting, b. What is the speed of this star, and how does it compare with the speed of the Earth in its orbit? How does it compare with the speed of light?arrow_forwardTwo double stars, one having mass 1.0 Msun and the other 3.0 Msun, rotate about their common center of mass. Their separation is 6 light years. What is their period of revolution?arrow_forwardNeutron stars are extremely dense objects formed from the remnants of supernova explosions. Many rotate very rapidly. Suppose the mass of a certain spherical neutron star is twice the mass of the Sun and its radius is 10.0 km. Determine the greatest possible angular speed it can have so that the matter at the surface of the star on its equator is just held in orbit by the gravitational force.arrow_forward
- What is the Schwarzschild radius for the black hole at the center of our galaxy if it has the mass of 4 million solar masses?arrow_forwardA spacecraft in the shape of a long cylinder has a length of 100 m, and its mass with occupants is 1 000 kg. Ii has strayed too close to a black hole having a mass 100 times that of the Sun (Fig. P11.11). The nose of the spacecraft points toward the black hole, and the distance between the nose and the center of the black hole is 10.0 km. (a) Determine the total force on the spacecraft. (b) What is the difference in the gravitational fields acting on the occupants in the nose of the ship and on those in the rear of the ship, farthest from the black hole? (This difference in accelerations grows rapidly as the ship approaches the black hole. It puts the body of the ship under extreme tension and eventually tears it apart.)arrow_forwardUsing the solution from the previous problem, find the increase in rotational kinetic energy, given the core’s mass is 1.3 times that of out Sun. Where does this increase in kinetic energy come from?arrow_forward
- A typical neutron star may have a mass equal to that of the Sun (m = 1.99x1030kg) but a radius of only 10 km. a) What is the gravitational acceleration at the surface of such a star? b) How fast would an object be moving if it fell from rest through a distance of 1.0 m on such a star?arrow_forwardA star near the visible edge of a galaxy travels in a uniform circular orbit. It is 43,500 ly (light-years) from the galactic center and has a speed of 275 km/s. a.)Estimate the total mass of the galaxy based on the motion of the star. Gravitational constant is 6.674×10−11m3/(kg·s2) and mass of the Sun Ms=1.99 × 1030 kg. b.)The total visible mass (i.e., matter we can detect via electromagnetic radiation) of the galaxy is 1011 solar masses. What fraction of the total mass of the galaxy is visible, according to this estimate?arrow_forwardA typical neutron star may have a mass equal to that of the Sun but a radius of only 19 km. (a) What is the gravitational acceleration at the surface of such a star? (Enter the magnitude.) 3670000000000x m/s? (b) How fast would an object be moving if it fell from rest through a distance of 1.1 m on such a star? (Assume the star does not rotate.) m/sarrow_forward
- A pulsar is a rapidly rotating neutron star that emits radio pulses with precise synchronization, there being one such pulse for each rotation of the star, The period T of rotation is found by measuring the time between pulses. At present, the pulsar in the central region of the Crab nebula has a period of rotation of T D0.18000000 Sand this is observed to be increasing at the rate of 0.00000f6s s/y. What is the angular velocity of the star? San A Tries 0/40 What is the anqular acceleration of the pulsar? Suant ArTries 0/40 I ts anqular ecceleration is constant, in how many years will the pulsar stop rotating? an Tries 0/40 The puisar originated in a super-nova explosion in the year A.D 1054. What was the period of rotation of the pulsar when it was born? TheetAww Tries 0/40arrow_forwardThe radius Rh of a black hole is the radius of a mathematical sphere, called the event horizon, that is centered on the black hole. Information from events inside the event horizon cannot reach the outside world. According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, Rh = 2GM/c2, where M is the mass of the black hole and c is the speed of light. Suppose that you wish to study a black hole near it, at a radial distance of 48Rh. However, you do not want the difference in gravitational acceleration between your feet and your head to exceed 10 m/s2 when you are feet down (or head down) toward the black hole. (a) Take your height to be 1.5 m. What is the limit to the mass of the black hole you can tolerate at the given radial distance? Give the ratio of this mass to the mass MS of our Sun.arrow_forwardThe radius Rh of a black hole is the radius of a mathematical sphere, called the event horizon, that is centered on the black hole. Information from events inside the event horizon cannot reach the outside world. According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, Rh = 2GM/c2, where M is the mass of the black hole and c is the speed of light. Suppose that you wish to study a black hole near it, at a radial distance of 48Rh. However, you do not want the difference in gravitational acceleration between your feet and your head to exceed 10 m/s2 when you are feet down (or head down) toward the black hole. (a) Take your height to be 1.5 m. What is the limit to the mass of the black hole you can tolerate at the given radial distance? Give the ratio of this mass to the mass MS of our Sun. (b) Is the ratio an upper limit estimate or a lower limit estimate?arrow_forward
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