Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 10.4, Problem 4CC
Summary Introduction
To find: To draw the Calvin cycle and find how the number of carbon atoms remains constant after every cycle.
Introduction:
Calvin cycle is a cascade of reactions that cause carbon fixation entered as carbon dioxide (CO2) into the plants. It is also known as the C3 cycle that takes place in the chloroplast of the bundle-sheath cells of the plant leaves.
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Photosynthesis is defined as the chemical process, wherein carbon dioxide in the presence of water and radiant energy gets converted to glucose (chemical energy), giving out oxygen as byproducts. In the equation, the combining reactants and resulting products are expressed along with their respective numbers of molecules. Putting this in a simplified formula, the following equation represents this process.
CO2 + H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + O2
Considering this equation, how plant lovers (plantitos and plantitas) able to cultivate their plants?
a)
Draw the carboxylation reaction mechanism catalyzed by Rubisco. Include the substrates, products, key amino acid residues in the active site, and important metal ions.
b)
Describe each step in the Rubisco carboxylation reaction and why the carbamylated lysine is critical for enzyme activity.
c.
Describe the purpose of the "regeneration stage" of the Calvin-Benson cycle.
Identify the similarities and differences between the Krebs cycle and the Calvin cycle.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10.4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10 - Prob. 10.1CRCh. 10 - Prob. 10.2CRCh. 10 - Prob. 10.3CRCh. 10 - Prob. 10.4CRCh. 10 - Prob. 10.5CRCh. 10 - Prob. 10.6CRCh. 10 - The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the...Ch. 10 - Which of the following sequences correctly...Ch. 10 - How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 10 - In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 10 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 10 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Photorespiration can decrease...Ch. 10 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY MAKE CONNECTIONS The following...Ch. 10 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 10 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Watennelon snow in...
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- If we use ribulose-5-phosphate that has been labeled with 14C isotope at the Carbon 1 position in the carbon reactions (of the Calvin Cycle), on which carbon of 3-PG should we see the labeled C atom appear? Explain.arrow_forwardIn 150 word count with reference answer the below question The equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2. Explain the role of each of the products (left side of the arrow) and explain where the products (right side of the arrow) came from.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the Calvin-Benson cycle is TRUE?arrow_forward
- What are the stages of the Calvin-Benson cycle? Select all that apply. The resulting unstable six-carbon molecule splits into two three-carbon molecules of PGA. ATP and NADPH are used to convert PGA molecules to PGAL. Most of the PGAL is used to regenerate RuBP, but some is exported to the cytoplasm to produce carbohydrates. Rubisco attaches CO2 to a five-carbon organic compound called RuBP. Rubisco is used to convert PGA molecules to PGAL.arrow_forwardAsaparrow_forwardExplain how CO2 is "fixed" by the Calvin cycle and converted into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. (i.e. explain how the whole Calvin cycle works)arrow_forward
- Oxygenic photosynthesis in eukaryotes (in the chloroplasts of green algae and green plants) consumeswhich of the following substrate molecules (to generate glucose, water, and oxygen product molecules)?A. C12H22O11 + H2OB. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2OC. 6CO2 + 12H2OD. C6H12O6 + C6H12O6E. 6CO2 + 12H2Sarrow_forwardDescribe the Calvin Cycle of Photosynthesis and its function. What are some of the products that can be made from the Calvin cycle? Explain how the enzyme ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase catalyzes a reaction (RuBisCo).arrow_forwardStatement 1: In the Calvin Cycle, two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate are produced if two molecules of carbon dioxide are fixed. Statement 2: If the carbon fixation phase of the Calvin Cycle begins with 6 molecules of ribulose bisphosphate and 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, 2 out of 12 molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate made at the end of the reduction phase are used in carbohydrate production while the remaining 10 molecules are needed to keep the Calvin Cycle turning by regenerating ribulose bisphosphate. Hide answer choices Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false. Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true. Both statements are true. Both statements are falsearrow_forward
- For the following questions, choose one to discuss: chloroplast/photosynthesis State at the outset which one you will discuss. A) What role do proton gradients play in the process of photosynthesis proton gradients allow B) Where are proton gradients formed? Within what structures are they seen in chloroplasts How do the structures help them to maintain a gradient? C) Explain where and how the chloroplast or mitochondria uses passive transport and active transport to complete photosynthesis or cellular respiration.arrow_forwardYou will create a slide show/ Canva/ Website on the flow chart of photosynthesis phases .Your poster should include, but is not limited to:○ The overall equation is at the top.○ A diagram of a chloroplast which indicates where each reactant is used and whereeach product is synthesized. ○ All intermediary steps were studied in the light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions, in the form of a flow chart(try to add details around them), using appropriate terminology. ● You will also submit a detailed explanation of your flow chart, using appropriateterminology.arrow_forwardThe complex chemical reactions that occur in living organisms can sometimes be summarized with chemical equations. The overall process of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration can both be summarized in this way. For the following equations, first determine whether each is summarizing photosynthesis or aerobic respiration, and then click on each of the boxes below the equations and correctly label all of the reactants and products. The following equation summarizes the reactants and products of A. aerobic respiration B. Photosynthesisarrow_forward
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