Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 11P
To determine
The kinetic energy of impact of the object hitting the Earth.
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The Msbar Alamal on its journey to Mars took a 7-month period, during which it traveled an estimated distance of 493 million kilometers. What was the distance covered during a 7-day period?
An isotope of a radioactive element has half-life equal to 9 thousand years.
Imagine a sample that is so old that most of its radioactive atoms have decayed, leaving just 25 percent of the initial quantity of the isotope remaining.
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Give your answer in thousands of years, correct to one decimal place.
Suppose that Earth grew to its present size in 11 million years from particles averaging 150 g each. On average, how many particles did Earth capture per second? (Notes: 1 yr = 3.2 ✕ 107 s. See Appendix A to find Earth's mass.)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 2QFRCh. 11 - How is a meteor heated?Ch. 11 - Prob. 4QFRCh. 11 - Where are most asteroids found?Ch. 11 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 11 - (11.2) How do we know that asteroids have a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 14QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 15QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 16QFRCh. 11 - What creates meteor showers? When do some occur?Ch. 11 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 1TQCh. 11 - Prob. 2TQCh. 11 - Prob. 3TQCh. 11 - Prob. 4TQCh. 11 - Prob. 5TQCh. 11 - Prob. 6TQCh. 11 - Prob. 7TQCh. 11 - Prob. 8TQCh. 11 - Prob. 1PCh. 11 - Prob. 2PCh. 11 - Prob. 3PCh. 11 - Prob. 4PCh. 11 - Prob. 5PCh. 11 - Prob. 6PCh. 11 - Prob. 7PCh. 11 - Prob. 8PCh. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - Prob. 10PCh. 11 - Prob. 11PCh. 11 - Prob. 1TYCh. 11 - Prob. 2TYCh. 11 - Prob. 3TYCh. 11 - Prob. 4TYCh. 11 - Prob. 5TYCh. 11 - Prob. 6TYCh. 11 - Prob. 7TYCh. 11 - Prob. 8TYCh. 11 - Prob. 9TYCh. 11 - Prob. 10TYCh. 11 - Prob. 11TY
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- You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on Earth and find that 7/8 of the uranium-238 radioactive atoms have decayed into lead-206. What is the age of the sample (in years) if the half-life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years?arrow_forwardA fossil contains 4.06 grams of carbon 14. Refer to the formulaA(t) = C 0.999879t which gives the original amount of carbon 14 t years ago in terms of the amount C that is left now, and estimate the amount of carbon 14 in the sample 10,000 years, 20,000 years, and 30,000 years ago. (Round your answers to one decimal place.arrow_forwardThe Mars Robotic Lander for which we are making these calculations is designed to return samples of rock from Mars after a long time of collecting samples, exploring the area around the landing site, and making chemical analyses of rocks and dust in the landing area. One synodic period is required for Earth to be in the same place relative to mars as when it landed. Calculate the synodic period (in years) using the following formula: 1/Psyn = (1/PEarth) - (1/PMars) where PEarth is the sidereal period of the Earth (1 year) and PMars is the sidereal period of Mars. If 3/4 of a Martian year was spent collecting samples and exploring the terrain around the landing site, calculate how long the Mars Robotic Lander expedition took!arrow_forward
- The mass of the Earth is about 6 x 1021 metric tons, and the mass of the Sun is about 2 x 1027 metric tons. About how many times more is the mass of the sun compared to the mass of the Earth? Put the numbers into Scientific Notation. Do your calculations using the product or quotient rule. Then write your answer as a Standard Number. What is the proper name of the answer?arrow_forwardOne of the fossilized remains of the Taong Tabon you found contains 153 grams of Carbon-14 at time t = 0. If the half-life of Carbon-14 is 5 730 years, how much Carbon-14 remains after 500 years?arrow_forwardCharan is at NASA analyzing Moon rocks. In one of the rocks from the lunar highlands, he discovered 37 % of the original uranium-238 remains, while remaining amount of uranium-238 had decayed into lead. The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 × 109 years. Assume the only decay product is lead. How old is the lunar maria rock in billions of years (109 years)?arrow_forward
- A 1200-kilogram car is cruising at a constant speed of 22 meters/second (50 miles/hour). What is the net force on the car? In the previous problem if the car begins losing speed at a rate of 1 meter/second per second. What is the size of the net force on the car?arrow_forwardThe mass of venus is 4.883x10^15 Tg and density of Venus is 5.256 g/cm^3. What is the radius of Venus? Express the answer in the SI unit that will give the smallest number that is greater than 1. Tera (or T) means 10^12arrow_forwardAn isotope of a radioactive element has half-life equal to 5 thousand years. Imagine a sample that is so old that most of its radioactive atoms have decayed, leaving just 20 percent of the initial quantity of the isotope remaining. How old is the sample? Give your answer in thousands of years, correct to one decimal place. Age : ___ thousand years.arrow_forward
- Impact Energy. Consider a comet about 2 kilometers across with a mass of 4 × 1012 kg. Assume that it crashes into Earth at a speed of 30,000 meters per second (about 67,000 miles per hour). a. What is the total energy of the impact, in joules? (Hint: The kinetic energy formula tells us that the impact energy in joules will be 1 × m × v2, where 2 m is the comet’s mass in kilograms and v is its speed in meters per second.) b. A 1-megaton nuclear explosion releases about 4 × 1015 joules of energy. How many such nuclear bombs would it take to release as much energy as the comet impact? c. Based on your answers, comment on the degree of devastation the comet might cause.arrow_forwardXavier is at NASA analyzing Moon rocks. In one of the rocks from the lunar Maria, he discovered 80% of the original uranium-238 remains, while remaining amount of uranium-238 had decayed into lead. The half life of uranium-238 is 4.5 x 109 years. Assume the only decay product is lead. How old is the lunar Maria rock in billions of years (109 years) ?arrow_forwardPluto has been hard to measure from Earth because of the atmosphere. In 2007 Young and Buie measured Pluto as having a diameter of 2322 km. In 2015 the New Horizons probe reached pluto and measured it up close and we now know the actual diameter is 2372 km. What was the percent error of the 2007 measurement? Enter your answer as a percent with a negative value if the 2007 measurement was too small and a positive value if it was too large.arrow_forward
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