Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(b)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(c)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
(d)
Interpretation:
To predict bond angles about each highlighted carbon.
Concept Introduction:
VSEPR predicts the geometry and the bond angles for the molecules according to the theory, the structure is predicted by the lone pairs and bond pairs present in the bond formation.
Electron pair = Lone pair + Bond pair.
Electron pair | Hybridization | Geometry | Bond angles. |
2 | sp | Linear | 180° |
3 | sp2 | Trigonal planar | 120° |
4 | sp3 | Tetrahedra or square planar | 109.5° or 90° |
5 | sp3 d | Trigonal bipyramidal | 120° and 90° |
6 | sp3 d2 | Octahedral | 90° |
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Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- Use the white balls for hydrogen, the black ones with four points of attachment for carbon, and the red ones wit four points of attachment for oxygen, and the blue ones with four points of attachment for nitrogen. Shape H H-C-H H Methane H-N-H H Ammonia Water Harrow_forwardThe carbon skeleton for 2-methylpropane is shown below. How many hydrogens are present? c-d-c 4 9 10 13 14 16arrow_forwardPredict all bond angles about each highlighted carbon atom. b Blue atom bond angles = Red atom bond angles = H3C -CH₂OH H3C Blue atom bond angles ⒸH₂CC=CC=CH₂ Blue atom bond angles = Red atom bond angles = dH3C. CH3 CH3 Blue atom bond angles =arrow_forward
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- To expand on the discussion of carbon valence and hybridization, provide two simple hydrocarbons that have carbon atoms ranging from 3 to 8. Identify the hybridization and bond angles with respect to the carbon atoms. Number the sigma bonds and pi bonds present. Include a drawing of their structure.arrow_forwardDraw the bond-line formula for each of the following condensed structural formulas.These may go beyond the simple explanations above but you can imply the connectivity based on the atoms’ desired valence. a)(CH3)3CCH2CH3 b)(CH3)2CHOH c)(CH3)2CHOHarrow_forward3. Use the VSEPR model to predict the bond angle around the carbon with the arrow. H-C H CIH -CIarrow_forward
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning