Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 13, Problem 10TYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The spinal cord is a collection of nerve tissues that arise from the brain stem. It is a site which contains many motor neurons, interneurons and complex neural circuits. It is often known as ‘nuts and bolts’ of the nervous system. It controls and enables the forces on muscles and its adaptive movements.
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All of the following are true concerning reflex arcs EXCEPT
A.they involve a few neurons and directly enter and immediately leave the spinal cord
B.they are used to prevent harm
C.they are subconscious and automatic
D.they only use the PNS and not the CNS
Which of the following is NOT a reason why a reflex arc is faster than a normal nerve transmission?
a. A reflex arc stimulates the motor neurons for an immediate reaction.
b. A reflex arc does not send information to the brain to be processed.
c. A reflex arc does not involve neurotransmitters.
d. A reflex arc involves fewer neurons.
All of the following are true regarding the descending motor tracts EXCEPT
which one?
A. They originate in either the cerebral cortex or brainstem.
B. The pathways are generally made of a two-neuron system.
C. The upper motor neuron fibers target lower motor neurons of the spinal cord or
cranial nerves.
D. They are involved in assisting with voluntary movement.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Anatomy and Physiology
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 5AYLO
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 13.1 - The position of the posterior and anterior horns...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 13.1 - Names and functions of the descending tractsCh. 13.1 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 15AYLOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 13.3 - Name five structural components of a typical...Ch. 13.3 - State the function of each of the following in a...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 13.3 - The pathway and constituents of a somatic reflex...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 13.3 - Structure and function of muscle spindlesCh. 13.3 - Stretch reflexes; one or more examples; the...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 13 - Below L2. the vertebral canal is occupied by a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 13 - Nerve fibers that adjust the tension in a muscle...Ch. 13 - A stretch reflex requires the action of _______ to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 13 - The cerebellum receives feedback from the muscles...Ch. 13 - In the ______ reflex, contraction of flexor...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 13 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 13 - arachno-Ch. 13 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 13 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 13 - tecto-Ch. 13 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 13 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 13 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 13 - Some spinal nerves are sensory and others are...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 13 - The anterior and posterior horns of the spinal...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 13 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 13 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 13 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 13 - Jillian is thrown from a horse. She strikes the...Ch. 13 - Wallace is the victim of a hunting accident. A...Ch. 13 - Anthony gets into a fight between rival gangs As...Ch. 13 - Stand with your right shoulder, hip, and foot...Ch. 13 - When a patient needs a tendon graft, surgeons...
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- In a single reflex arc involved in the knee-jerk reflex, how many synapses are activated within the spinal cord? a.Thousands b.Hundreds c.Dozens d.Two e.Onearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding sciatic nerve is correct? a. Arises from L3/4/5/S1/2 b. Emerges from the lower border of piriformis c. Most commonly divides onto common peroneal and tibial branches in the middle of the hamstring compartment d. Can be injured by intramuscular injections in the upper outer quadrant of the buttock e. Gives no branches in the gluteal compartmentarrow_forward1. The ventral horn of the spinal cord is where -------------------- would be found. A. visceral sensory neurons B. visceral motor neurons C. somatic motor neurons D. somatic sensory neurons 2. This is the general order of events for a reflex arc. A. information relayed to the CNS, activation of a sensory receptor, activation of a motor neuron, response by the effector B. response by the effector, activation of a motor neuron, information relayed to the CNS, activation of a sensory receptor C. activation of a sensory receptor, information relayed to the CNS, response by the effector, activation of a motor neuron D. activation of a sensory receptor, information relayed to the CNS, activation of a motor neuron, response by the effectorarrow_forward
- The subdivision of the brain that does not initiate somatic motor movements, but rather coordinates and fine-tunes those movements, is the a. medulla oblongata. b. cerebrum. c. cerebellum. d. diencephalon.arrow_forwardThe superior colliculi are twin bodies within the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain that are involved in a. visual reflexes. b. auditory reflexes. c. relaying of cutaneous information. d. release of pituitary hormones.arrow_forwardHyporeflexia occurs when normal reflexes are weak but not absent. Damage to which of the following would result in hyporeflexia? Hyporeflexia occurs when normal reflexes are weak but not absent. Damage to which of the following would result in hyporeflexia? A.Motor neuron B. Sensory neuron C.Skeletal muscle D. Any of the choices would result in hyporeflexia. Which option to select..arrow_forward
- The autonomic nervous system is also called a. voluntary. b. involuntary. c. neuralgic. d. carpal.arrow_forwardSensory neurons transmit information towards the central nervous system. Which of the following is true concerning the movement of peripheral- information towards the central nervous system? A. Dendrites of the sensory neurons synapse with interneurons of the spinal cord. B. Axons of the sensory neurons synapse with motor neurons of the muscles involved in the spinal reflex. C. Axons of the motor neurons synapse with the interneurons of the spinal cord. D. Axons of the sensory neurons synapse with the interneurons of the spinal cord.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a part of the periphrial nervous system (PNS)? a.somatic nervous system b.autonomic nervous system c.sensory neurons d. motor neurons e. spinal cordarrow_forward
- The most important autonomic control center in the CNS is:- a. the cerebral cortex. b. the limbic system. c. the midbrain. d. the hypothalamus. e. the sympathetic chain gangliaarrow_forwardThe thoracic spinal cord has the smallest dorsal horn area because: a. the trunk is the most innervated area of the body and therefore there are more projections into the dorsal horn there. b. the trunk is the least innervated area of the body and therefore there are fewer projections into the dorsal horn there. c. most of the descending upper motor neurons have already entered the ventral horn. d. There are many motor neurons to control the small muscles around the spine.arrow_forwardAll of the following statements are accurate about the choroid plexus except a. it is located within the ventricles of the brain. b. it is composed of ependymal cells and blood capillaries. c. it receives and filters all sensory information. d. it produces and circulates cerebrospinal fluid.arrow_forward
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The Sensorimotor System and Human Reflexes; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0PEXquyhA4;License: Standard youtube license