Human Physiology
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781259864629
Author: Fox, Stuart Ira
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 16, Problem 26RA
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of increased content of 2,3-DPG in red blood cell on the partial pressure of oxygen of venous blood.
Introduction:
The venous blood is the deoxygenated blood that is received by all body parts. This blood has to be transported to heart from where it goes into the lungs for its purification and the deoxygenated blood is carried in the veins and venules. 2,3-DPG (diphosphoglyceric acid) is produced through side reactions during glycolytic pathway in red blood cells.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Human Physiology
Ch. 16 - Describe the structures involved in gas exchange...Ch. 16 - Prob. 1bCPCh. 16 - Describe how each lung is compartmentalized by the...Ch. 16 - Describe the changes in the intrapulmonary and...Ch. 16 - Explain how the compliance and elasticity of the...Ch. 16 - Describe pulmonary surfactant and discuss its...Ch. 16 - Describe the actions of the diaphragm and external...Ch. 16 - Explain how forced inspiration and forced...Ch. 16 - Define the terms tidal volume and vital capacity....Ch. 16 - How are the vital capacity and the forced...
Ch. 16 - Explain how the of air is calculated and how this...Ch. 16 - Explain how blood measurements are taken, and...Ch. 16 - Explain how the arterial and the oxygen content...Ch. 16 - Describe the ventilation/perfusion ratios of the...Ch. 16 - Explain how decompression sickness is produced in...Ch. 16 - Describe the roles of centers in the brain stem...Ch. 16 - Describe the effects of voluntary hyperventilation...Ch. 16 - Using a flowchart to show a negative feedback...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10bCPCh. 16 - Prob. 10cCPCh. 16 - Use a graph to illustrate the effects of Po2 on...Ch. 16 - Draw an oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve and label...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12aCPCh. 16 - Prob. 12bCPCh. 16 - List the ways in which carbon dioxide is carried...Ch. 16 - Where in the body does the chloride shift occur?...Ch. 16 - Where in the body does a reverse chloride shift...Ch. 16 - Using equations, show how carbonic acid and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 15aCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15bCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15cCPCh. 16 - Prob. 15dCPCh. 16 - Explain why a person with ketoacidosis...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16aCPCh. 16 - Explain why endurance-trained athletes have a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 17CPCh. 16 - Prob. 1RACh. 16 - Prob. 2RACh. 16 - The maximum amount of air that can be expired...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4RACh. 16 - Prob. 5RACh. 16 - Which of these would be most affected by a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7RACh. 16 - Prob. 8RACh. 16 - The affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen is decreased...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10RACh. 16 - The bicarbonate concentration or the blood would...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12RACh. 16 - Prob. 13RACh. 16 - Which of these occur(s) during hypoxemia?...Ch. 16 - During exercise, which of these statements is...Ch. 16 - All of the following can bond with hemoglobin...Ch. 16 - Prob. 17RACh. 16 - The hypoxic ventilatory response occurs when low...Ch. 16 - Using a flow diagram to show cause and effect,...Ch. 16 - Radiographic (x-ray) pictures show that the rib...Ch. 16 - Explain, using a flowchart, how a rise in blood ...Ch. 16 - Explain why a person with ketoacidosis may...Ch. 16 - Prob. 23RACh. 16 - Explain how measurements of blood Pco2,...Ch. 16 - Describe the changes in ventilation that occur...Ch. 16 - Prob. 26RACh. 16 - Describe how ventilation changes when a person...Ch. 16 - Explain the physiological changes in the blood's...Ch. 16 - Compare asthma and emphysema in terms of their...Ch. 16 - Explain the mechanisms involved in quiet...Ch. 16 - Describe the formation, composition, and function...Ch. 16 - Prob. 32RACh. 16 - The nature of the sounds produced by percussion...Ch. 16 - Explain why the fast breath of a healthy neonate...Ch. 16 - Prob. 35RACh. 16 - Carbon monoxide poisoning from smoke inhalation...Ch. 16 - Prob. 37RACh. 16 - Explain how a subatmospheric intrapleural pressure...Ch. 16 - Prob. 39RACh. 16 - You cannot affect the oxygen delivery to your...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the Po2 of the...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the of the...Ch. 16 - Refer to figure 16.19 and calculate the Po2 of the...Ch. 16 - Use figure 16.34 to answer the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 45RACh. 16 - Use figure 16.34 to answer the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 47RA
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- Calculate the pH of a blood plasma sample with a total CO2 concentration of 26.9 mM and bicarbonate concentration of 25.6 mM. Recall from page 67 that the relevant pK2 of carbonic acid is 6.1arrow_forwardHemoglobin poz in lungs tissues (4,500 m) po2 in lungs (sea level) po2 in 8. Lack of 2,3-BPG can be deadly. 1.0 BPG = 0 mM 38% A) What is 2,3-BPG? How is it produced and why does hemoglobin need 2,3- 30% ВPG? 37%- Y 0.5 B) Under what physiological conditions are blood levels of 2,3-BPG elevated? C) How does an increased level of 2,3-BPG help our bodies compensate through crises of a low availability of external oxygen? Highlight the action of 2,3-BPG on hemoglobin in your answer. BPG - 5 mM at sea level BPG 8 mM at high altitudes (4,500 m) 4 8 12 16 pO2 (kPa) Figure 5-17 Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Seventh Edition O 2017 W. H. Freeman and Companyarrow_forwardBelow is the O2 binding curve for adult Hb in whole blood (containing BPG) shown in red (labelled Hb). A Hb 20 40 60 80 100 pO2 (torr) a. Which curve is the best representation for stripped Hb (pure hemoglobin with heme, but no other small allosteric molecules associated)? [ Select ] b. Which curve has the lowest affinity (as measured by the p5o)? [ Select ] c. Which curve lacks cooperativity? [ Select ] Fraction of Hb bound with Oxygen 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0'0 >arrow_forward
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