(a)
Interpretation:
The preparation of the
Concept introduction:
The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which a group is substituted by an nucleophile. The
The
(b)
Interpretation:
The preparation of the
Concept introduction:
The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which a group is substituted by an nucleophile. The rate of reaction depends upon the nucleophilicity and concentration of the i nucleophile.
The
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Organic Chemistry
- (a) Account for the following :(i) Propanal is more reactive than propanone towards nucleophilic reagents.(ii) Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position.(iii) Carboxylic acids do not give characteristic reactions of carbonyl group.(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds:(i) Acetophenone and benzaldehyde(ii) Benzoic acid and ethylbenzoate.arrow_forward- Rank the following substances in order of increasing acidity: (a) Phenol, p-methylphenol, p-(trifluoromethyl)phenol (b) Benzyl alcohol, phenol, p-hydroxybenzoic acidarrow_forwardProvide the reagents and solvents (where appropriate) needed to bring about the following transformations. (a) CI (b)arrow_forward
- Write chemical equations expressing each of the following: (a) Preparation of o-nitrophenyl acetate by sulfuric acid catalysis of the reaction between a phenol and an acid anhydride. (b) Esterification of 2-naphthol with acetic anhydride in aqueous sodium hydroxide (c) Reaction of phenol with benzoyl chloridearrow_forward(c) Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing acidity, and explain the reasons fo your choice of order: phenol, cyclohexanol, 2-fluorocyclohexanol, 2-fluoronhenolarrow_forwardArrange each group of compounds in order of increasing acidity.(b) p-toluenesulfonic acid, acetic acid, chloroacetic acidarrow_forward
- Predict the major products formed when benzoyl chloride (PhCOCl) reacts with the following reagents.(a) ethanol (b) sodium acetate (c) anilinearrow_forwardName the following carboxylic acid derivatives, giving both a common name and anIUPAC name where possible. (b) PhOCHOarrow_forwardArrange each group of compounds in order of increasing acidity.(a) phenol, ethanol, acetic acidarrow_forward
- (b) Suggest a reasonable biosynthesis for the naturally occurring alkaloid coniine (isolated from hemlock), starting from octanoic acid. Coniinearrow_forwardThe odor of ripe bananas and many other fruits is due to the presence of esters. For example: Banana oil (isopentyl acetate) (a) Write the name (common or IUPAC) of the ester responsible for the fragrance of the following: pineapple, orange, apple, peach, & lavender (b) Choose one fragrant from (a) and name the alcohol and the carboxylic acid needed to synthesize this ester. (c) Show the detailed mechanism of the Fischer Esterification reaction that will be involved in the synthesis of the fragrant you have chosen in part (a).arrow_forward(a) Explain the mechanism of a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or a ketone.(b) An organic compound (A) (molecular formula CgH16Q2) was hydrolysed with dilute sulphuric acid to give a carboxylic acid (B) and an alcohol (C). Oxidation of (C) with chromic acid also produced (B). On dehydration (C) gives but-1-ene. Write the equations for the reactions involved.arrow_forward
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