Concept explainers
Interpretation: The option among the following that is not a property of sodium is to be stated.
Concept introduction: Sodium is an alkali metal and belongs to group
Sodium is very reactive and forms compounds with chlorides, oxides and water. Sodium combines with non-metals and there is a transfer of electrons from sodium to non-metals and thus ions are formed where sodium has a positive charge and non-metals are negatively charged. Thus, it generally forms ionic compounds and reacts vigorously to produce compounds with non-metals. The appearance, texture and colour of any element can be determined by looking at the substance.
The reaction of sodium metal with non-metal produces energy which is released in the form of heat or light. Such reactions, in which energy is released in the form of heat and light are referred to as exothermic reactions.
The electrons in metals like
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- (a)(i)Briefly outline the principal oxidation states of either Nitrogen or Sulphur, giving the name wind formula of a compound for each oxidation number.(ii)Describe and explain a `redox’ reaction showing how the oxidation stateof the element:• increases• decreases• increases and decreases.arrow_forwardConsider the solid Na2CO3 dissolving in water. (a) Write the balanced dissociation equation with phase labels. (b) Draw the solvation of the resulting ions in water.arrow_forwardThe physical properties of D2O differ from those of H2Obecause(a) D has a different electron configuration than O.(b) D is radioactive.(c) D forms stronger bonds with O than H does.(d) D is much more massive than H.arrow_forward
- Write a balanced equation for the reaction of elemental boron with each of the following (most of these reactions require high temperature):(a) F2(b) O2(c) S(d) Se(e) Br2arrow_forwardWrite equations for the following reactions:(i) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with zinc granules(ii) Dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium ribbon.(iii) Dilute sulphuric acid reacts with aluminum powder.arrow_forward(a) One of the alkali metals reacts with oxygen to form a solidwhite substance. When this substance is dissolved in water,the solution gives a positive test for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.When the solution is tested in a burner flame, a lilac-purpleflame is produced. What is the likely identity of the metal?(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction ofthe white substance with water.arrow_forward
- A sample of 70.5 mg of potassium phosphate is added to 15.0 mL of 0.050 M silver nitrate, resulting in the formation of aprecipitate. (a) Write the molecular equation for the reaction. (b) What is the limiting reactant in the reaction? (c) Calculatethe theoretical yield, in grams, of the precipitate that forms.arrow_forward(Q82) What is the oxidation number for phosphorus in each of the following? Please include the positive and negative signs as appropriate. (a) H3PO4 (b) P4 (this reflects the elemental state of phosphorus) (c) PH3 (d) PO43- (e) p3-arrow_forwardComplete and balance the following acid-base equations:(a) A solution of HClO4 is added to a solution of LiOH.(b) Aqueous H2SO4 reacts with NaOH.(c) Ba(OH)2 reacts with HF gas.arrow_forward
- Based on the information shown in the attached image, which of the following statements are CORRECT? (I) Hydrogen is the best reducing agent in acid solution. (II) Hydrogen is the best reducing agent in basic solution. (III) Oxygen is the best oxidizing agent in acid solution. (IV) Oxygen is the best oxidizing agent in basic solution.arrow_forward(a) List four physical characteristics of a solid metal. (b) List two chemical characteristics of a metallic element.arrow_forwardWrite a balanced equation for (a) the combination reaction between lithium metal and fluorine gas and (b) the decompositionreaction that occurs when solid barium carbonate is heated (two products form, a solid and a gas).arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning