Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 31, Problem 4MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Every ecosystem has a capacity to produce natural
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At any point in time, a number of environmental objectives must be met with a limited amount of economic resources. This means that once an environmental problem is identified, they have to be prioritized. In general, this is done using scientific valuation of the relative risk to human health and the ecology of a given environmental hazard - a procedure known as:
A. Biodiversity
B. Public Goods
C. Risk Assessment
D. Profit maximization
The study of nutrient cycling though the environment is an example of which of the following? a. organismal ecology b. population ecology c. community ecology d. ecosystem ecology
Answer the questions below based on the Active Reading above:
1. Organisms need
to live and
to survive.
2. What do limiting factors do?
a. Separate biotic factors from abiotic factors.
b. Determine which is the predator and which is the prey.
€. Regulate how many organisms live in an ecosystem.
d. Determine which natural disasters will hit an area.
3. Which of the following are abiotic limiting factors?
a. The decomposers in an ecosystem.
b. The populations of producers in a given habitat.
c. Carrying capacities of several species.
d. Water, space, and oxygen.
4. Which of the following is a biotic limiting factor?
a. The amount of breathable oxygen available to a population.
b. Food available for organisms
lw ast
C. The nitrogen to oxygen ratio in the air supply.
d. The number of bodies of water in a habitat.
5. In biology, what is carrying-capacity?
a. The maximum population size an ecosystem can support.
b. A total list of the limiting factors.
C. How much weight an organism can…
Chapter 31 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 31 - A factor that increases humanity's ecological...Ch. 31 - Prob. 2MCCh. 31 - Prob. 3MCCh. 31 - Prob. 4MCCh. 31 - Which of the following is not true of a population...Ch. 31 - Prob. 1FTBCh. 31 -
2. Products or processes by which functioning...Ch. 31 - Many of the benefits that humans derive from...Ch. 31 - Prob. 4FTBCh. 31 -
5. The smallest population of a species that is...
Ch. 31 -
6. A Native American saying tells us that “We do...Ch. 31 - Prob. 1RQCh. 31 - What is ecological economics? Why is it important?Ch. 31 - Prob. 3RQCh. 31 -
4. What five specific threats to biodiversity are...Ch. 31 - Why are efforts to protect monarch butterflies a...Ch. 31 - List some reasons that the ecological footprints...Ch. 31 -
2. Search for and describe some examples of...
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- An ecological system, or ecosystem, encompasses a. biotic and abiotic factors. b. abiotic factors onlly. c. biotic factors only. d. only land.arrow_forwardThe shape of an ecological pyramid, with each successive layer being smaller than the one below it, can be explained most readily by:a. the first law of thermodynamicsb. inefficient geochemical cyclesc. the second law of thermodynamicsd. industrializationarrow_forwardThe process of certain elements through different trophic levels is also called A. food chain B. biodiversity C. biogeochemical cyclingarrow_forward
- A conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Why does the organism’s interaction appear in an oscillating pattern? What does it suggest?arrow_forwardThe total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the: O A. Biomass O B. Energy mass C. Organic mass O D. Trophic massarrow_forwardThe number of trophic levels an ecosystem can support is driven by… (select all that apply) A- The amount of energy available (primary productivity) B- The speed of nutrient cycling (decomposition) C- The population size of top predators in the ecosystem D- The efficiency of energy transfer across trophic levels E- The composition of the plant communityarrow_forward
- A conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Based on this scenario, what is the most significant role of sea otters in the marine community? Why it’s important?arrow_forwardDifferentiate between:a. Biotic and abiotic componentsb. Producers and consumersc. Omnivores and decomposersd. Macro and microecosysteme. Ecosystem and biomearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements BEST describes energy transfer in an ecosystem? A. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. B. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the secondary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the primary consumer. C. If the primary consumer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 175 kcal from the secondary consumer. D. If the primary producer has 175,000 kcal available, the tertiary consumer will receive 17,500 kcal from the secondary consumer.arrow_forward
- A conservation biologist has been asked to explain why it is important to protect biodiversity. She would list all of the following reasons except for which one? A. Humans are dependent on many species for food, medicines, fiber, and other necessities. B. Biodiversity can be exploited indefinitely for the profit of humans. C. Other species have inherent value and humans have a moral obligation to protect them. D. Biodiverse ecosystems provide ecosystem services that sustain all life on Earth. E. Biodiversity provides emotional and physical health benefits by providing places for humans to visit for wonder, insight, and exercise.arrow_forward"Write a scenario describing what would happen to an ecosystem or to the human system in the event that:(a) All producers are killed through loss of fertility of the soil or through toxic contamination, (b) decomposers and detritus feeders are eliminated. Support all of your statements with reasons drawn from your understanding of the way ecosystems function"arrow_forwardBioprospecting is not always a sustainable approach to natural product discovery because: Select one alternative: A. microorganisms are not always able to be culturable. B. indigenous groups exploit available biological resources. C. compounds may not be produced under tested conditions. D. all known environments have already been 'mined' for natural products. E. Option A and C are both correct.arrow_forward
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