Modern Physics
Modern Physics
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781111794378
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 9Q
To determine

Whether most major experimental discoveries are made by careful planning or by accident.

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Gamma-ray detectors like the one described in the preceding problem often use calorimetry to determine gamma-ray energies. Suppose a beam of 100-MeV gamma rays strikes a target with a mass of 2.5 kg and specifi c heat 430 J/(kg # K). How many gamma rays are needed to raise the target’s temperature by 10 mK?
J 5 Question 2 (1) Assume that the average energy of β-rays (electrons) emitted from the S-ray source is 0.8 MeV, and the average ionization energy of gas molecules (atoms) in the GM counter tube is about 30 eV. Find the number of gas molecules ionized when one electron enters the GM tube (1MeV = 10°eV). (2) Assuming that the electrons and cations thus generated are attracted to the electrode as they are, what is the total amount of negative charge generated by ionization in C (coulombs)? (3) If this ionization takes 10-4s, what is the current flowing through the anode?
(2) Stirling's formula is given by the following, depending on the accuracy you need:* In N! N In N - N or, +즐 In N! ≈ N ln N − N + √ln(2´N) Evaluate the accuracy of these formulas for N = 5, 10, 20, 60. Is it reasonable to expect the same accuracy for both formulas at very large N? *(Aside: Actual Stirling's formula is for gamma function П(z) ≈ FO where z is a complex number, and П(n + 1) = n! for nЄ N.)
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