Physics Fundamentals
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780971313453
Author: Vincent P. Coletta
Publisher: PHYSICS CURRICULUM+INSTRUCT.INC.
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Chapter 6, Problem 25P
To determine
To Find: The mass of the Sun using the given data.
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The orbit of Earth’s moon has a period of 27.3 days and a radius (semi-major axis) of 2.57 ×10-3 A.U. = 3.85 × 105 km. What is the mass of Earth? What are the units?
Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0 ✕ 1011 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 6.0 ✕ 104 light-years from its center.
If its period is 5.3 ✕ 107 years instead, what is the mass (in solar masses) of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of other matter, such as a very massive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
solar masses
*answer for b*
According to Lunar Laser Ranging experiments the average distance L M from the Earth to the Moon is approximately 3.85 X 105 km. The Moon orbits the Earth and completes one revolution in approximately 27.5 days (a sidereal month).
Calculate the mass of the Earth and provide your answer in units of 1024 kg. For example, if your answer is 2.7×1024 enter 2.7.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Physics Fundamentals
Ch. 6 - Prob. 1QCh. 6 - Prob. 2QCh. 6 - Prob. 3QCh. 6 - Prob. 4QCh. 6 - Prob. 5QCh. 6 - Prob. 6QCh. 6 - Prob. 7QCh. 6 - Prob. 8QCh. 6 - Prob. 9QCh. 6 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 6 - Prob. 11QCh. 6 - Prob. 12QCh. 6 - Prob. 13QCh. 6 - Prob. 14QCh. 6 - Prob. 15QCh. 6 - Prob. 1PCh. 6 - Prob. 2PCh. 6 - Prob. 3PCh. 6 - Prob. 4PCh. 6 - Prob. 5PCh. 6 - Prob. 6PCh. 6 - Prob. 7PCh. 6 - Prob. 8PCh. 6 - Prob. 9PCh. 6 - Prob. 10PCh. 6 - Prob. 11PCh. 6 - Prob. 12PCh. 6 - Prob. 13PCh. 6 - Prob. 14PCh. 6 - Prob. 15PCh. 6 - Prob. 16PCh. 6 - Prob. 17PCh. 6 - Prob. 18PCh. 6 - Prob. 19PCh. 6 - Prob. 20PCh. 6 - Prob. 21PCh. 6 - Prob. 22PCh. 6 - Prob. 23PCh. 6 - Prob. 24PCh. 6 - Prob. 25PCh. 6 - Prob. 26PCh. 6 - Prob. 27PCh. 6 - Prob. 28PCh. 6 - Prob. 29PCh. 6 - Prob. 30PCh. 6 - Prob. 31PCh. 6 - Prob. 32PCh. 6 - Prob. 33PCh. 6 - Prob. 34PCh. 6 - Prob. 35PCh. 6 - Prob. 36PCh. 6 - Prob. 37PCh. 6 - Prob. 38PCh. 6 - Prob. 39PCh. 6 - Prob. 40PCh. 6 - Prob. 41PCh. 6 - Prob. 42PCh. 6 - Prob. 43PCh. 6 - Prob. 44PCh. 6 - Prob. 45P
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- The Sun has a mass of approximately 1.99 1030 kg. a. Given that the Earth is on average about 1.50 1011 m from the Sun, what is the magnitude of the Suns gravitational field at this distance? b. Sketch the magnitude of the gravitational field due to the Sun as a function of distance from the Sun. Indicate the Earths position on your graph. Assume the radius of the Sun is 7.00 108 m and begin the graph there. c. Given that the mass of the Earth is 5.97 1024 kg, what is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the Earth due to the Sun?arrow_forwardCalculate the effective gravitational field vector g at Earths surface at the poles and the equator. Take account of the difference in the equatorial (6378 km) and polar (6357 km) radius as well as the centrifugal force. How well does the result agree with the difference calculated with the result g = 9.780356[1 + 0.0052885 sin 2 0.0000059 sin2(2)]m/s2 where is the latitude?arrow_forwardSuppose the gravitational acceleration at the surface of a certain moon A of Jupiter is 2 m/s2. Moon B has twice the mass and twice the radius of moon A. What is the gravitational acceleration at its surface? Neglect the gravitational acceleration due to Jupiter, (a) 8 m/s2 (b) 4 m/s2 (c) 2 m/s2 (d) 1 m/s2 (e) 0.5 m/s2arrow_forward
- Comet Halley (Fig. P11.21) approaches the Sun to within 0.570 AU, and its orbital period is 75.6 yr. (AU is the symbol for astronomical unit, where 1 AU = 1.50 1011 m is the mean EarthSun distance.) How far from the Sun will Halleys comet travel before it starts its return journey?arrow_forward(a) Given that the period of the Moons orbit about the Earth is 27.32 days and the nearly constant distance between the center of the Earth and the center of the Moon is 3.84 108 m, use Equation 13.11 to calculate the mass of the Earth. (b) Why is the value you calculate a bit too large?arrow_forwardModel the Moons orbit around the Earth as an ellipse with the Earth at one focus. The Moons farthest distance (apogee) from the center of the Earth is rA = 4.05 108 m, and its closest distance (perigee) is rP = 3.63 108 m. a. Calculate the semimajor axis of the Moons orbit. b. How far is the Earth from the center of the Moons elliptical orbit? c. Use a scale such as 1 cm 108 m to sketch the EarthMoon system at apogee and at perigee and the Moons orbit. (The semiminor axis of the Moons orbit is roughly b = 3.84 108 m.)arrow_forward
- What is the orbital radius of an Earth satellite having a period of 1.00 h? (b) What is unreasonable about this result?arrow_forwardWhat is the gravitational acceleration close to the surface of a planet with a mass of 2ME and radius of 2RE where ME, and RE are the mass and radius of Earth, respectively? Answer as a multiple of g, the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration near Earths surface. (See Section 7.5.)arrow_forwardA moon of Saturn takes 0.94 days to orbit at a distance of 1.9 ✕ 105 km from the center of the planet. What is the total mass (in kg) of Saturn plus the moon?arrow_forward
- One of Saturn's moons is named Mimas. The mean orbital distance of Mimas is 1.87 x 108 m. The mean orbital period of Mimas is approximately 23 hours (8.28x104 s). Use this information to estimate a mass for the planet Saturn.arrow_forwardA planet has a mass of 5.98 x 10²4 kg. It has an average orbital speed of 2.978 x 104 m/s as it completes a circular orbit. It takes 3.154 x 107 s to make one revolution. What is the average radius of the planet's orbit around the star?arrow_forwardA satellite is orbiting around a planet in a circular orbit. The radius of the orbit, measured from the center of the planet is R = 1.4 × 107 m. The mass of the planet is M = 4.4 × 1024 kg. Express the magnitude of the gravitational force F in terms of M, R, the gravitational constant G, and the mass m of the satellite. F = Express the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration ac of the satellite in terms of the speed of the satellite v, and R. ac = Express the speed v in terms of G, M and R. v = Calculate the numerical value of v, in m/s. v =arrow_forward
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