Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 7.9, Problem 1MI
Summary Introduction
The microbial cell density is highly depending on the limiting nutrient concentration. The rate of exchange of nutrient is denoted as the dilution rate (D), the rate at which the medium passes through the culture vessel, which is relative to the vessel volume, where the flow rate is denoted as (f), and the vessel volume is denoted as (V).
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starting with four bacterial cells per milliliter in a rich nutrient medium, with a 1-hour lag phase and a 30-minute generation time, how many cells will there be in 1 ml of this culture after 10 hours?
A culture with approximately 4x105 cells/mL were incubated. After 10 hours, the number of cells had increased to 5x109.
a) How long was the generation time in minutes?b) How many generations have occurred?
Assume an inoculum with a cell density of 108 cells per mL. The entire generation time takes 30 minutes. How many hours would it take to grow a culture to 108/mL if you started with a 10–2 dilution?
helpful formula:
g (generation time) = 0.301 (time)/ log x – log xo
Chapter 7 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 7.1 - MICRO INQUIRY In addition to chromosomes, what...Ch. 7.2 - MICRO INQUIRY Why is it important that the origin...Ch. 7.2 - MICRO INQUIRY What would be the outcome if FtsZ...Ch. 7.2 - MICRO INQUIRY Which step in the development of...Ch. 7.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 1. Describe the three...Ch. 7.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 2. How does the bacterial...Ch. 7.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 3. Do you think MinCDE...Ch. 7.2 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 4. Do you think Spiroplasma...Ch. 7.3 - What elements of the Sulfolobus spp. cell cycle...Ch. 7.3 - Many archaea have genes encoding an FtsZ...
Ch. 7.4 - MICRO INQUIRY Identify the regions of the growth...Ch. 7.4 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Define microbial growth.Ch. 7.4 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe the phases of the...Ch. 7.4 - Why would cells that are vigorously growing when...Ch. 7.4 - Calculate the growth rate constant and generation...Ch. 7.4 - Suppose the generation time of a bacterium is 90...Ch. 7.5 - What is the difference between halophilic and...Ch. 7.5 - Why do facultative anaerobes grow best at the...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 1. How do microorganisms...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 2. Define water activity...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1.3CCCh. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 1. Define pH, acidophile,...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Classify each of the...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 3. Describe the mechanisms...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 1. What are cardinal...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3.2CCCh. 7.5 - Prob. 3.3CCCh. 7.5 - Prob. 3.4CCCh. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe the five types of...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What are the toxic effects...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Where would you expect to...Ch. 7.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply List the types of...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 5.3CCCh. 7.5 - Prob. 5.4CCCh. 7.6 - MICRO INQUIRY What biomolecules make up the...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.6 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What is quorum sensing?...Ch. 7.6 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply How is the communication...Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.7 - What are peptones, yeast extract, beef extract,...Ch. 7.7 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Describe four ways in which...Ch. 7.7 - What are pure cultures and why are they important?...Ch. 7.7 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply It is known that microbial...Ch. 7.7 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply How might an enrichment...Ch. 7.8 - Why is it important to have no more than about 250...Ch. 7.8 - Briefly describe each technique by which microbial...Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.8 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7.8 - For each of the following, which enumeration...Ch. 7.9 - Prob. 1MICh. 7.9 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.9 - Prob. 2CCCh. 7.9 - Prob. 3CCCh. 7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 7 - Prob. 2RCCh. 7 - Prob. 3RCCh. 7 - Prob. 4RCCh. 7 - Prob. 5RCCh. 7 - Prob. 6RCCh. 7 - As an alternative to diffusible signals, suggest...Ch. 7 - If you wished to obtain a pure culture of bacteria...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3ALCh. 7 - Suggest one specific mechanism underlying the...Ch. 7 - Consider cell-cell communication: bacteria that...Ch. 7 - Suppose you discovered a new bacterial strain from...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7ALCh. 7 - Prob. 8ALCh. 7 - Prob. 9AL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Why would cells that are vigorously growing when inoculated into fresh culture medium have a shorter lag phase than those that have been stored in a refrigerator?arrow_forwardWhat is the similarities of differential centrifugation and gradient centrifugation?arrow_forwardHow long does it take for a bacterial culture with a generation time of 12 minutes to increase from 400 cells up to 1600 cells/mL?arrow_forward
- Given a log phase bacterial culture with 1 x 10^6 cells per ml and a generation time of 30 minutes how long does it take the culture to reach a density of 6.4 x 10^7 cells per ml?arrow_forwardIn this step, wash the cells with ice-cold PBS. Drain the PBS, then add ice-cold lysis buffer. Scrape adherent cells off the dish using a cold plastic cell scraper, then gently transfer the cell suspension into a pre-cooled microfuge tube. Maintain constant agitation for 30 minutes at 4°C. Centrifuge in a microcentrifuge at 4°C. You may have to vary the centrifugation force and time depending on the cell type. Gently remove the tubes from the centrifuge and place on ice, aspirate the supernatant and place in a fresh tube kept on ice, and discard the pellet. Q3: To make sure that you used a similar amount of samples, what important step should be done before proceeding the electrophoresis stage? Once you have determined the concentration of each sample, you can freeze them at -20°C or -80°C for later use or prepare for immunoprecipitation or for loading onto a gel. Q4. Why is it necessary to store the prepared lysates in a very low temperature? PLEASE ANSWER Q3 AND Q4arrow_forwardA species of bacteria has a doubling time of 24 hours. After incubating the initial population for one week, the final population was 6,400 cells. What was the initial population of that bacteria? Show all work. Equations: Nt = No x 2n Final concentration = (initial concentration)/(total dilution factor) Total dilution factor = (individual dilution factor)# of serial dilutionsarrow_forward
- What would the final concentration of a bacteria culture be if 2.7 x 106 cells/ml were diluted 8.2 x 10-2? What would the initial concentration of a bacteria culture be if the final concentration was 3.7 x 102 cells/ml and the total dilution was 4.6 x 10-4?arrow_forwardYou just finished plating your electroporatio products on your YPD-Zeocin plate and you think you did everything perfectly but you come back the folloeing week and have zero colonies. Which of the following could be the reason for the absence of colonies? A) You centrifuged your electroporated cells for 30 sec at 16,000 rpm instead of 4,000 rpm before plating them B) You added sorbitol+YPD to your cells thirty minutes after pulsing your cells C) The Zeocin had not been added to the plates when they were made. D) All of the above E) Both a and b onlyarrow_forwardThere are two cultures of yeast cells in the pictures, one has been incubated for 6 hours and one has been incubated for 24 hours. After a 10x dilution by taking 100µl of each culture and adding it to 900 µl water in a microcentrifuge tube and 100µl sample from the tube was taken to view in the counting chamber. a) Count the total number of yeast cells for each culture respectively b) Calculate the concentration and density of yeast cells for each culture respectivelyarrow_forward
- You aseptically transfer 1 mL of your original liquid culture into 99 mL of sterile water. You then repeat this procedure two more times. What is the final dilution factor of this serial dilution? O 1) 10-4 O 2) 102 O 3) 10-6 4) 10-2 O 5) 104arrow_forwardWhat is the dilution factor in the task given if the total viable cells is 140 [28×5(squares)] and the total nonviable cells is 50 [10x5(squares)]?arrow_forwarde) Other than the sedimentation tank, what are TWO other possible alternatives to recycle the cells back to the chemostat. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these alternatives in comparison to the sedimentation tank.arrow_forward
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