Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 19Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The polymerase chain reaction is a technique to amplify a piece of DNA very rapidly outside a living cell. It uses the same mechanism for multiplication of DNA as the cells use for
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A scientist wants to study the cytochrome c gene of a fruit fly. The DNA for the gene is extracted and subjected to several treatments.
If a disease were identified as being caused by defects in the cytochrome c gene, then the copy isolated could be used for what?
A.
PCR
B.
gene therapy
C.
stem cell work
D.
DNA fingerprinting
PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is an excellent method of generating copies of target DNA. If a single piece of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) is put into a PCR machine, how many dsDNA segments will there be after 3 rounds?
A.
8 segments, with 2 original strands paired
B.
16 segments, with 2 original strands on different segments
C.
16 segments, with 2 original strands paired
D.
8 segments, with 2 original strands on different segments
What is the purpose of the low temperature step in the PCR reaction?
a. To allow DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA in the 3' to 5' direction
b. To permanently deactivate DNA polymerase
c. To allow primers to anneal to DNA templates
d. To allow DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA in the 5' to 3' direction
Chapter 8 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 8.1 - Define the terms genome and gene.Ch. 8.1 - Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.Ch. 8.1 - Draw a segment of DNA, labeling all important...Ch. 8.1 - Summarize the steps of bacterial DNA replication,...Ch. 8.1 - Compare and contrast the synthesis of leading and...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 8.2 - Provide an overview of the relationship among DNA,...Ch. 8.2 - Identify important structural and functional...Ch. 8.2 - Draw a picture of the process of transcription.Ch. 8.2 - List the three types of RNA directly involved in...
Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 10AYPCh. 8.2 - Identify the locations of the promoter, the start...Ch. 8.2 - Indicate how eukaryotic transcription and...Ch. 8.2 - NCLEX PREP 2. The following are all true of RNA,...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3NPCh. 8.3 - Define the term operon, and explain one advantage...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 8.4 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 8.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 8.5 - Prob. 17AYPCh. 8.5 - Differentiate among frameshift, nonsense, silent,...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1MMCh. 8.6 - Explain the importance of restriction...Ch. 8.6 - List the steps in the polymerase chain reaction.Ch. 8.6 - Describe how you can clone a gene into a...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 8.6 - Prob. 24AYPCh. 8.6 - Name two genetic techniques that are designed to...Ch. 8.6 - NCLEX PREF 4. A client is being treated with...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 2MMCh. 8 - Single nucleotide polymorphisms are found in a....Ch. 8 - Using your knowledge of DNA from this chapter,...Ch. 8 - Conduct research on CRISPR and explain in...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA?...Ch. 8 - List some advantages and disadvantages to a cell...Ch. 8 - Construct an argument for why tRNA contains a lot...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7QCh. 8 - Discuss the intersection between the metabolome...Ch. 8 - Defend this statement: All of biology is dependent...Ch. 8 - DNA is semiconservative because the ______ strand...Ch. 8 - Examine the DNA triplets here and determine the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12QCh. 8 - Prob. 13QCh. 8 - Prob. 14QCh. 8 - Metagenomics is providing insight into the...Ch. 8 - The creation of biological molecules and cells...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17QCh. 8 - Genetically modified organisms (GMOs)especially in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 19QCh. 8 - Construct an analogy using your clothes closet to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21QCh. 8 - Prob. 1VC
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- If a PCR is started using 10 pieces of template DNA, how many pieces of DNA would there be after 10 cycles? a. About 100 b. About 1000 c. About 10,000 d. About 1010arrow_forwardWhen using a micro centrifuge, what should you check before starting the machine? A. That the samples are balanced B. That the PCR tube caps on the samples are slightly open C. That the machines is set to 64 degrees Celsius D. That is programed for 35 cycles.arrow_forwardWhat is used to cut the DNA in panels 1 and 2? a. Restriction enzymes b. DNA polymerases c. DNA ligases d. RNA polymerases e. Reverse transcriptasearrow_forward
- Regarding the PCR technique, what is false?a. It can produce multiple copies of DNA.b. It is the same as DNA fingerprinting.c. It is not a time-consuming process.d. It cannot successfully copy whole genesarrow_forwardWhich lab technique can you use to verify? a.Nucleic Acid Purification b. PCR c.SNP Variationarrow_forwardWhat would be the result if an organism’s telomerase were mutated and nonfunctional? a. No DNA replication would take place. b. The DNA polymerase enzyme would stall at the telomere. c. Chromosomes would shorten with each new generation. d. RNA primers could not be removed.arrow_forward
- Which gene is incorporated into plasmids to detect recombinantcells?a. restriction endonuclease b. virus receptors c. a gene for antibiotic resistance d. reverse transcriptasearrow_forwardWhich type of mutation produces the same protein despite a change in the DNA? A. nonsense B. missense C. silent D. frameshiftarrow_forwardWould it be possible to use human polymerase for the PCR reaction? a. No, because human polymerase does not have the ability to withstand the high temperatures required for the PCR reaction to occur. b. No, because human polymerase cannot be extracted from cells to use in a lab setting. c. Yes, because we are using human DNA as the template DNA. d. Yes, because human polymerase can add bases to a template strand without a primer.arrow_forward
- What are major functions that DNA polymerase performs? A. unzips the DNA strand and makes the new nucleotides B. proof reads the new DNA strands for errors and corrects them C. bonds the nucleotides together forming the new DNA strand D. A, B, and C E. A and B F. B and C G. A and Carrow_forwardA mutation in which of these proteins will lead to increased mutations in all daughter cells? A. helicase B. topoisomerase C. ligase D. DNA polymerasearrow_forwardWhat is the role of a virus in gene therapy?a. It causes the disease that gene therapy is aiming to cure.b. It carries the healthy DNA into the patient’s cells.c. It carries the faulty DNA out of the patient’s cells.d. It reveals which cells carry the DNA causing the disease.arrow_forward
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