Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134168296
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase as the name suggests helps in the production of ATP molecules. These molecules store the energy that is obtained from breakdown of food in the body and is utilized by the cell to carry out other physiological processes.
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The ATP synthase F1 of mitochondrial inner membranes sticks into the ________ and the ________ conformation of the active site catalyzes ATP synthesis.
A. matrix; loose
B. intermembrane space; open
C. matrix; tight
D. intermembrane space; tight
E. matrix; open
Which of the following statements about the generation of ATP in the electron transport chain is correct?
a. The generation of ATP from ADP coupled to electron transfer occurs by substrate level phosphorylation as in glycolysis.
b. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure inside the inner mitochondrial membrane.
c. ATP synthase generation of ATP involves a rotating structure outside the inner mitochondrial membrane.
d. Electron transport generates a proton gradient across the outer mitochondrial membrane.
The process of oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the:
a. Cytosol
b. Mitochondrial matrix
c. Intermembrane space
d. Inner mitrochondrial membrane
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 8 - Which of the following is True for one glucose...Ch. 8 - 2. The portion of glucose breakdown that produces...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 -
5. Which of the following is produced in the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1FTBCh. 8 - 2. Conditions in which oxygen is absent are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3FTBCh. 8 - During cellular respiration, the electron...Ch. 8 -
5. The cyclic portion of cellular respiration is...
Ch. 8 - Starting with glucose (C6H12O6), write the overall...Ch. 8 - Draw and label a mitochondrion, and explain how...Ch. 8 -
3. What role do the following play in breaking...Ch. 8 -
4. Outline the two major stages of glycolysis....Ch. 8 - What molecule is the end product of glycolysis?...Ch. 8 -
6. Describe the electron transport chain and the...Ch. 8 - Why is oxygen necessary for cellular respiration...Ch. 8 -
8. Compare the structure of chloroplasts...Ch. 8 - Some species of bacteria use aerobic respiration,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - Some species of bacteria that live at the surface...
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- Which of the following statements describes the end step for the electron transport chain? A. H+ ions flow down the gradient to generate ATP B. electrons are transferred to NADH and FADH2 for chemiosmosis C. electrons are transferred to oxygen, causing it to split and take up H+ ions, which form water D. H+ are pumped across the inner membrane of mitochondria to establish an electrochemical gradientarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE of the electron transport chain (ETC)? A. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the formation of a proton (H+) gradient. B. The movement of H+ ions through ATP synthase drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC drives the movement of ADP and phosphate through ATP synthase. D. The movement of H+ ions across the inner membrane of the mitochondria drives the transfer of electrons down the ETC.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is NOT true about the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation? A. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the enzyme complexes to be soluble in the mitochondrial matrix. B. If the proton gradient is too high, electrons will not move through the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC only happens if protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. D. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the mitochondrial intermembrane space to be more positively charged than the matrix. E. The free energy of the proton gradient can be used to create high energy bonds.arrow_forward
- Predict the outcome of a mitochondrial membrane that is more permeable to hydrogen ions than normal. answer choices A.) Increased levels of inorganic phosphate in the mitochondrial matrix B.) Reduced formation of water C.) Reduced activity of electron transport chain D.) Increased activity of ATP synthasearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning ATP synthesis in mitochondria is FALSE? a. interruption of the flow of electrons from NADH to oxygen would decrease ATP synthesis b. making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+ would decrease ATP synthesis c. the energy liberated by the electron-transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into the IM-space d. the movement of H+ through a special channel enzyme (synthase) results in ATP synthesis e. when protons move from the matrix to the IM-space, ATP is made from ADP + Piarrow_forwardWhich of the following electron carriers diffuses within the inner mitochondrial membrane to transport electrons? A. Cytochrome c B. Flavoproteins C. Fe-S Cluster Proteins D. Ubiquinolarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning the location of the metabolic pathways is correct? a. All reactions of the glycolysis take place in the mitochondria. b. All reactions of the TCA cycle take place in the mitochondria. c. Some reactions of the TCA cycle take place in the cytosol, and some in mitochondria. d. Some reactions of the glycolysis take place in the cytosol, and some in mitochondria.arrow_forwardPyruvate, formed from glycolysis, is generated in the: a. Cytosol b. Nucleus c. Mitochondrial matrix d. Inner mitrochondrial membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about cellular respiration is TRUE in eukaryotes? A. For every molecule of NADH oxidized in the electron transport chain, 1 molecule of ATP is produced. B. ATP synthase harnesses the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space to produce ATP. C. ATP synthase transduces the flow of protons (hydrogen ions = H+) from the intermembrane space to the mitochondrial matrix into kinetic (mechanical) energy D. H2O is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, being oxidized to O2 and H+. E. All of the above are truearrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is NOT true about the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation? (Only one answer applies) A. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the enzyme complexes to be soluble in the mitochondrial matrix. B. If the proton gradient is too high, electrons will not move through the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC only happens if protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. D. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the mitochondrial intermembrane space to be more positively charged than the matrix. E. The free energy of the proton gradient can be used to create high energy bonds.arrow_forwardDuring electron transport and ATP synthesis in eukaryotes, the H+ gradient accumalates in: a. The cytosol b. The mitochondrial matrix c. The mitochondiral intermembrane space d. Outside the mitochondriaarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is a lie? Select one: a.The formation of water aids in establishing the ion gradient between the inner matrix and intermembrane space. b.Every protein complex in the electron transport chain is involved in the direct pumping of H+ in the intermembrane space. c.There is an existing electrochemical gradient between the intermembrane space and the inner mitochondrial matrix.arrow_forward
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