What conditions are necessary for a crossed-aldol reaction to occur? NaOH, H20 H. H. 50° C I II O Molecule I is added slowly to the reaction mixture. These reagents cannot undergo an aldol reaction in basic solution. O N2OH is added slowly to the reaction mixture. Molecule II is added slowly to the reaction mixture.
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- What conditions are necessary for a crossed-aldol reaction to occur? NaOH, H2O TH. H. 50° C II O Molecule Il is added slowly to the reaction mixture. O These reagents cannot undergo an aldol reaction in basic solution. O Moleculel is added slowly to the reaction mixture. O NAOH is added slowly to the reaction mixture.问题12 5分 In the mechanism for the following reaction, what takes place to lead to the major product? (Choose all that apply.) MgBr 1. (in THF) 2. H* (dilute) ning O the carbonyl oxygen is protonated first by an acid O the Grignard reagent adds to the carbonyl oxygen O the Grignard reagent adds to the carbonyl carbon Othree tetrahedral intermediates are formed during proton transfer2 H3C H3C H C→XT OH H3C The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ß-hydroxy carbonyl compound. base :0: OH H H Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instruct ns H3C heat OH H3C :0: H + H₂O H
- The reaction below is a base-catalyzed aldol reaction. O || CH₂-C-H CH3-C-H Ethanal (Acetaldehyde) H I CH3-C-H Ethanal (Acetaldehyde) NaOH Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in the step of the mechanism shown below. Arrow-pushing Instructions AC⇒x= :O: || :CH₂-C-H OH Bl CH3-CH—CH2-CH -CH₂-1-1 a 3-Hydroxybutanal (B-hydroxyaldehyde; formed as a racemic mixture) :0: :0: || CH3—CH—CH2-C-H A tetrahedral carbonyl addition intermediate X2 Moin H3C H H₂C C⇒x= base :0: OH Hori H3C H. The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a B-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions H₂C Ἡ :0: heat H Home H3C + H₂OAldol Condensation Product ܘܡ Ph Aldol Addition Product
- 2 CH3COOCH,CH3 C2H5O'K*/C2H5OH ---> CH3COCH,COOCH,CH3 [+] Hofmann elimination Clemmensen reduction Claisen condensation O Cannizzaro reaction O Aldol condensationbase 2 H3C H H3C OH heat H H3C + H₂O H The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ẞ-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ẞ-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1CB dehydration to give an a,ẞ-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions X :OH H₂O: а کی H₂C H H₂C H HDraw the structure of the major aldol product (prior to possible dehydration) of the following reaction without specifying stereochemistry. 0 dilute aqueous NaOH 0-5° • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. ChemDoodle 3b
- Draw the structure of the major aldol product (prior to possible dehydration) of the following reaction. O ⇐ H dilute NaOH 95% aq. ethanol, 0-5° • You do not have to consider stereochemistry. •If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. + HO CH3 On t ?Draw the major product of the aldol addition reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. I H H Q 1. NaOH 2. Neutralizing work-up Ato Drawing ar Draw dI H H3C NOC XT :0: MET H₂C base H3C The aldol reaction is a carbonyl condensation reaction between two carbonyl partners and involves a combination of nucleophilic addition and a-substitution steps. One partner is converted into an enolate ion nucleophile and adds to the electrophilic carbonyl group of the second partner. In the classic aldol reaction, the carbonyl partners are aldehydes or ketones, although aldehydes are more reactive. The product is a ß-hydroxy carbonyl compound. H OH q H3C H₂C H Under reaction conditions slightly more vigorous than those employed for the aldol reaction, the ß-hydroxyl group is eliminated in an E1cB dehydration to give an a,ß-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions heat H H + H₂O