Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 15, Problem 13CP
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The effects on the muscle tone when there is an increase in the stimulation of the motor neurons of the red nucleus.
Introduction:
The stimulus in the red nucleus is responsible for the facilitation of the contralateral motor neurons which supply flexor muscles inhibition of contralateral motor neurons supplying extensor muscles.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 15 - What do we call the bodys specialized cells that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CPCh. 15 - Prob. 3CPCh. 15 - Define adaptation.Ch. 15 - List the major types of general sensory receptors,...Ch. 15 - Identify the three classes of mechanoreceptors.Ch. 15 - What would happen to you if the information from...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8CPCh. 15 - Which spinal tract carries action potentials...Ch. 15 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11CPCh. 15 - Prob. 12CPCh. 15 - Prob. 13CPCh. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - __________ receptors are normally inactive, but...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3RQCh. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - Prob. 7RQCh. 15 - What are the three major somatic sensory pathways...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9RQCh. 15 - Which three motor tracts make up the medial...Ch. 15 - Prob. 11RQCh. 15 - Prob. 12RQCh. 15 - What three steps are necessary for transduction to...Ch. 15 - Differentiate between a tonic receptor and a...Ch. 15 - What is a motor homunculus? How does it differ...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16RQCh. 15 - Prob. 17RQCh. 15 - Prob. 18RQCh. 15 - By which structures and in which pan of the brain...Ch. 15 - Prob. 20RQCh. 15 - Prob. 21RQCh. 15 - Prob. 22RQCh. 15 - Prob. 23RQCh. 15 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15 - Prob. 2CC
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- What are the functional zones of a motor neuron?arrow_forwardWhat is a motor unit? Why does a rapid series of muscle twitches yield a stronger overall contraction than a single twitch?arrow_forwardDescribe the functions of gamma motor neurons and explain why they are stimulated at the same time as alpha motor neurons during voluntary muscle contractions.arrow_forward
- Why does a person with muscles that have a higher percentage of slow fibers have greater endurance than a person with muscles that have a lower percentage of slow fibers?arrow_forward*When dynamic y-motor neurons are activated at the same time as a-motor neurons to muscle, [A] prompt inhibition of discharge in spindle la afferents takes place. [B] clonus is likely to occur. [C] the muscle will not contract. [D] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is smaller than when a discharge alone is increased. [E] the number of impulses in spindle la afferents is greater than when a discharge alone is increased.arrow_forwardMuscle spindles are the sensory receptors that monitor the length of skeletal muscles. When the length of the hamstrings changes between standing and seated positions, which structure is responsible for adjusting the length of the intrafusal muscle fibers of the muscle spindle? Group of answer choices beta motor neurons gamma motor neurons extrafusal fibers alpha motor neuronsarrow_forward
- Why is it important to remove acetylcholine from its binding to acetylcholine receptors once the neural stimulus ends? What can be the possible consequence of the non-removal of acetylcholine to the skeletal muscle fiber?arrow_forwardWhy is an interneuron needed to provide reciprocal inhibition of the flexor muscle when an extensor muscle is activated?arrow_forwardWhy does repeated stimulation of the muscle (at maximum stimulus) before it has completely recovered from the previous contraction lead to increasing force of contractions?arrow_forward
- Both the withdrawal reflex and the Golgi tendon reflex involve sensory signals that ultimately control the same type ofmotor neurons and both are protective. Explain how one reflex can cause muscle contraction while the other causes musclerelaxation.arrow_forwardTo demonstrate muscle fatigue, a student held an 8 lb dumbbell in her hand and abducted her arm parallel to the floor. After 45 seconds, she has having difficulty holding that position so she rotated her hand 90 degrees. This allowed her to hold the dumbbell in position for an additional 20 seconds. Which of the following is the best explanation for this? A. Different motor units were contracting while others were relaxing. B. Muscles began to contract isotonically rather than isometrically. C. The load was reduced. D. The resistance to contraction was reduced. E. The change in position provided a greater range of motion at the shoulder.arrow_forwardDescribe the sequence of events by which an action potential in a motor neuron produces an action potential in the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fiber?arrow_forward
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