Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 16, Problem 57Q
To determine
The reason due to which the Sun appears smaller in the visible light image than in the ultraviolet images given below. It is seen from the TRACE spacecraft that the planet Mercury moved in front of the Sun on 15 November, 1995. The provided images are time lapsed images using ultraviolet light and visible light. The time taken by Mercury to move from left to right in these images is 6 to 9 minutes.
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What is the wavelength (in nm) of the most intense radiation emitted from the surface of Mercury at high noon? (Hint: Use Wien's law, Amax
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Kepler’s First Law: Elliptical Planetary Orbits:
The solar system major planet in the most elliptical solar orbit is little Mercury, which is the closest planet to the Sun. At Perihelion, Mercury’s distance from the Sun (Rp) is 0.31 AU. At Aphelion, Mercury’s distance from the Sun (Ra) is 0.47 AU.
The intensity of Sunlight (I) that a planet receives from the Sun is inversely proportional to the square of that planet’s distance from the Sun (R). in other words,
I = Constant / R2.
Calculate how much more intense the Sunlight received by Mercury is at perihelion (p) than at aphelion (a):
Rp2 = Ra2 = Ip / Ia = Ra2 / Rp2 =
In Table 2, there is a list of 15 planets, some of which are real objects discovered by the Kepler space telescope, and some are hypothetical planets. For each one, you are provided the temperature of the star that each planet orbits in degrees Kelvin (K), the distance that each planet orbits from their star in astronomical units (AUs) and the size or radius of each planet in Earth radii (RE). Since we are concerned with finding Earth-like planets, we will assume that the composition of these planets are similar to Earth's, so we will not directly look at their masses, rather their sizes (radii) along with the other characteristics. Determine which of these 15 planets meets our criteria of a planet that could possibly support Earth-like life. Use the Habitable Planet Classification Flow Chart (below) to complete Table 2. Whenever the individual value you are looking at falls within the range of values specified on the flow chart, mark the cell to the right of the value with a Y for…
Chapter 16 Solutions
Universe
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- Suppose you were given a spectrum of a planet. The spectrum has a collection of absorption lines. Describe how you would use this simulation to identify what lines were present (or absent) in the spectrum, and therefore what atoms were present (or absent) on the planet.arrow_forwardVenus can be as bright as apparent magnitude 4.7 when at a distance of about 1 AU. How many times fainter would Venus look from a distance of 1 pc? What would its apparent magnitude be? Assume Venus has the same illumination phase from your new vantage point. (Hints: Recall the inverse square law, Section 9-2a; also, review the definition of apparent visual magnitudes, Chapter 2.) (Note: 1 pc = 2.1 105 AU.)arrow_forwardThe main advantage of taking images of our planet from high-altitude orbits is that you can see a large fraction of the Earth's surface. The main disadvantage is that there will be too many low-altitude satellites obscuring your view of the Earth high-altitude satellites must launch to the west, which is more costly being at high altitude makes your satellite subject to strict international regulations you can't see as much detail in images taken from high altitudearrow_forward
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