Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259709999
Author: Denise G. Anderson Lecturer, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 28, Problem 6MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Nitrogen is a colorless and odorless gas that normally exists in the atmosphere. It is released in the atmosphere from plant decay. It is the building block of
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4)
Many bacteria and fungi are important in the environment because they
A)
recycle nutrients, making them available for other organisms
B)
return energy to the environment, making it available for plants
C)
produce glucose through the process of respiration
D)
reverse the flow of energy in the ecosystem
Organisms which synthesise their own food are called:
A) autotrophs
B) heterotrophs
C) auxotrophs
D) saprotrophs
Which of the following is incorrect?
a) Chemoheterotrophs obtain their energy from an organic compound
b) Photoautotrophs obtain their carbon from an organic compound
c) Both carbon and energy can be transferred from photoautotrophs to
chemoheterotrophs
d) Chemoheterotrophs are found in higher trophic levels of a food chain
e) Photoautotrophs are considered primary producers
Chapter 28 Solutions
Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective
Ch. 28 -
1. Describe why a microbial mat has green,...Ch. 28 -
2. How do bacteriocins benefit bacteria in their...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3SACh. 28 - What is the role of genetic databases in...Ch. 28 - Prob. 5SACh. 28 - Prob. 6SACh. 28 - Prob. 7SACh. 28 - Prob. 8SACh. 28 - Give examples of free-living and symbiotic...Ch. 28 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 28 - Prob. 1MCCh. 28 - Which of the following is false? a) Culture...Ch. 28 -
3. Which of the following pairs that relate to...Ch. 28 - Prob. 4MCCh. 28 - Prob. 5MCCh. 28 - Prob. 6MCCh. 28 - Prob. 7MCCh. 28 -
8. Energy for ecosystems can come from
a)...Ch. 28 -
9. Mycorrhizas represent associations between...Ch. 28 - In symbiotic nitrogen fixation by rhizobia and...Ch. 28 - Prob. 1ACh. 28 - Prob. 2ACh. 28 - Prob. 1CTCh. 28 - Prob. 2CT
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- Regarding nitrogen fixation, are the following statements True or False? a) Atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to the biologically useful form NH3 (or NH4 ). b) Nitrogen fixation in nature and in the lab requires a metal cofactor or catalyst. c) The availability of fixed nitrogen limits biological productivity. d) Ammonium from the atmosphere is fixed to more usable forms of nitrogen, such as nitrite (NO2–). e) Nitrogen fixation is energetically neutral, using a negligible amount of ATP. f) The enzyme nitrogenase, which takes part in nitrogen fixation, is inactivated by oxygen.arrow_forwardWhich of these statements is/are TRUE? A) In general, species that can grow at higher temperatures are prokaryotic. B) The most thermophilic prokaryotes are species of Archaea. C) Chemoorganotrophic organisms are able to grow at higher temperatures than phototrophic organisms. D) All of the statements are true.arrow_forwardHeterotophs... a) do not require a carbon source. b) use organic compounds, like starch, as a carbon source. c) use carbon dioxide as their carbon source. d) require light for metabolic reactions.arrow_forward
- Some marine bacteria, such as Cytophaga species, live and grow well inside fish guts and in waters below freezing temperatures. These bacteria are: a) Halophilic b) Psychrophilic c) Friophilic d) Thermophilic e) Mesophilicarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a symbiotic pair of organisms? Question 3 options: A) elk and deer B) algae and yeast C) orchid and mycorrhizae D) Escherichia coli and Rhizobiumarrow_forwardNitrogen ___________ A)is a growth-limiting nutrient for many organisms. B)is used to build proteins and carbohydrates. C)is extracted from the atmosphere by a few types of bacteria. D)Both A and C are correct. E)A, B, and C are correct.arrow_forward
- 12. Enzymes that can be shut down or activated based on the presence of chemicals in their environment are called a) holoenzymes b) repressed c) constitutive d) regulated 13. An organism with a temperture growth range of 45°C to 60°C would be called afn) a) extremophile b) psychrotroph c) thermoduric d) psychrophile d) thermophile 14. When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship, and one benefits but the other is not harmed it is called a) symbiosis b) satellitism c) commensalism d)mutualism e)synergism 15. The term obligate refers to a) the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions b) existing in a very narrow niche c) using chemicals for energy production d) using oxygen for metabolism 16. The E. coli that normally live in the human large intestines and produce vitamin would best be termed a relationship a) parasitic b) saprobic c) commensal d) mutualistic 17. A holoenzyme is a combination of a protein and a substance called a) apoenzymes bị cofactors c) catalysts…arrow_forwardof the following organisms, which one can counteract the overload of CO2 in the atmosphere? choose the correct alternative:a) bacteriab) zooplanktonc) fungusd) detritivorese) diatomsarrow_forwardAdding high levels of nutrients to a lake or inshore area wouldhave all of the following effects in that environment excepta) death of clams and crabs.b) increased growth of heterotrophic microbes.c) increased growth of photosynthetic organisms.d) increased levels of dissolved O2 .arrow_forward
- 29. Algal blooms are indicators of healthy nutrient cycles. A) True B) False 30. The increase in oxygen in the atmosphere _____________. A) required new forms of electron donors. B) lead to the replacement of eukaryotes by prokaryotes. C) was a result of the increase in respiration during the Devonian. D) is associated with changes in the size and diversity of organisms.arrow_forwardMicroorganisms that require carbon dioxide for growth are called: * A)Psychrophiles B)Capnophiles C)halophiles D)Mesophilesarrow_forwardOrganic forms of nitrogen are converted to inorganic forms via what process? a)photosynthesis b)consumption c)nitrogen fixation d)decompositionarrow_forward
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