Introduction to Heat Transfer
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780470501962
Author: Frank P. Incropera, David P. DeWitt, Theodore L. Bergman, Adrienne S. Lavine
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.167P
(a)
To determine
The expression for temperature distribution.
(b)
To determine
The temperature at the outer surface of the muscle.
(c)
To determine
The maximum temperature of fore arm.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Ex1. A piece of chromium steel of length 7.4cm (density=8780kg/m³ ; k = 50w/mK and
specific heat cp = 440j/kgK) with mass 1.27kg is rolled into a solid cylinder and
heated to a temperature of 600°C and quenched in oil at 36°c. Show that the lumped
capacitance system analysis is applicable and find the temperature of the cylinder
after 4min. What is the total heat transfer during this period?
You may take the convective heat transfer coefficient between the oil and cylinder at
280w/m2k.
A chip that is of length L = 5.5 mm on a side and thickness t = 2.0 mm is encased in a ceramic substrate, and its exposed surface is
convectively cooled by a dielectric liquid for which h = 150 W/m² K and To
= 20°C.
.
Th
Chip,
q, T₁, P, Cp
The time is
Substrate
In the off-mode the chip is in thermal equilibrium with the coolant (T; = T). When the chip is energized, however, its temperature
increases until a new steady state is established. For purposes of analysis, the energized chip is characterized by uniform volumetric
heating with a = 9 x 106 W/m³. Assuming an infinite contact resistance between the chip and substrate and negligible conduction
resistance within the chip, determine the steady-state chip temperature Tƒ. Following activation of the chip, how long does it take to
come within 1°C of this temperature? The chip density and specific heat are p = 2000 kg/m³ and c = 700 J/kg-K, respectively.
The steady-state chip temperature Tf is i
S.
°C.
• An aluminum pot contains water that is kept steadily boiling
(100 °C). The bottom surface of the pot, which is 12 mm
thick and 1.5x10t mm2 in area, is maintained at a
temperature of 102°C by an electric heating unit. Find the
rate at which heat is transferred through the bottom surface.
Compare this with a copper based pot.
Tc 0 0
L=12mm
Base of pot
TH
A= area of base
Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to Heat Transfer
Ch. 3 - Consider the plane wall of Figure 3.1, separating...Ch. 3 - A new building to be located in a cold climate is...Ch. 3 - The rear window of an automobile is defogged by...Ch. 3 - The rear window of an automobile is defogged by...Ch. 3 - A dormitory at a large university, built 50 years...Ch. 3 - In a manufacturing process, a transparent film is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.7PCh. 3 - A t=10-mm-thick horizontal layer of water has a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.9PCh. 3 - The wind chill, which is experienced on a cold,...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.11PCh. 3 - A thermopane window consists of two pieces of...Ch. 3 - A house has a composite wall of wood, fiberglass...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.14PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15PCh. 3 - Work Problem 3.15 assuming surfaces parallel to...Ch. 3 - Consider the oven of Problem 1.54. The walls of...Ch. 3 - The composite wall of an oven consists of three...Ch. 3 - The wall of a drying oven is constructed by...Ch. 3 - The t=4-mm-thick glass windows of an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.21PCh. 3 - In the design of buildings, energy conservation...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.23PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.24PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.25PCh. 3 - A composite wall separates combustion gases at...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29PCh. 3 - The performance of gas turbine engines may...Ch. 3 - A commercial grade cubical freezer, 3 m on a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.32PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34PCh. 3 - A batt of glass fiber insulation is of density...Ch. 3 - Air usually constitutes up to half of the volume...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.37PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38PCh. 3 - The diagram shows a conical section fabricatedfrom...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.40PCh. 3 - From Figure 2.5 it is evident that, over a wide...Ch. 3 - Consider a tube wall of inner and outer radii ri...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.43PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.45PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46PCh. 3 - To maximize production and minimize pumping...Ch. 3 - A thin electrical heater is wrapped around the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.50PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.51PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.52PCh. 3 - A wire of diameter D=2mm and uniform temperatureT...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.54PCh. 3 - Electric current flows through a long rod...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.56PCh. 3 - A long, highly polished aluminum rod of diameter...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.58PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62PCh. 3 - Consider the series solution, Equation 5.42, for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.64PCh. 3 - Copper-coated, epoxy-filled fiberglass circuit...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.66PCh. 3 - A constant-property, one-dimensional Plane slab of...Ch. 3 - Referring to the semiconductor processing tool of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.69PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.70PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71PCh. 3 - The 150-mm-thick wall of a gas-fired furnace is...Ch. 3 - Steel is sequentially heated and cooled (annealed)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.74PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.75PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.76PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78PCh. 3 - The strength and stability of tires may be...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.80PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81PCh. 3 - A long rod of 60-mm diameter and thermophysical...Ch. 3 - A long cylinder of 30-min diameter, initially at a...Ch. 3 - Work Problem 5.47 for a cylinder of radius r0 and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.85PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.86PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.87PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.88PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.89PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.91PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.92PCh. 3 - In Section 5.2 we noted that the value of the Biot...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.94PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.95PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.96PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98PCh. 3 - Work Problem 5.47 for the case of a sphere of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.100PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.103PCh. 3 - Consider the plane wall of thickness 2L, the...Ch. 3 - Problem 4.9 addressed radioactive wastes stored...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.106PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.107PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.108PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.109PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.110PCh. 3 - A one-dimensional slab of thickness 2L is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.112PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.113PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.114PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.115PCh. 3 - Derive the transient, two-dimensional...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.117PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.118PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.119PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.120PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.121PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.122PCh. 3 - Consider two plates, A and B, that are each...Ch. 3 - Consider the fuel element of Example 5.11, which...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.125PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.126PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.127PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.128PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.129PCh. 3 - Consider the thick slab of copper in Example 5.12,...Ch. 3 - In Section 5.5, the one-term approximation to the...Ch. 3 - Thermal energy storage systems commonly involve a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.133PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.134PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.135PCh. 3 - A tantalum rod of diameter 3 mm and length 120 mm...Ch. 3 - A support rod k=15W/mK,=4.0106m2/s of diameter...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.138PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.139PCh. 3 - A thin circular disk is subjected to induction...Ch. 3 - An electrical cable, experiencing uniform...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.142PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.145PCh. 3 - Consider the fuel element of Example 5.11, which...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.147PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.148PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.149PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.150PCh. 3 - In a manufacturing process, stainless steel...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.153PCh. 3 - Carbon steel (AISI 1010) shafts of 0.1-m diameter...Ch. 3 - A thermal energy storage unit consists of a large...Ch. 3 - Small spherical particles of diameter D=50m...Ch. 3 - A spherical vessel used as a reactor for producing...Ch. 3 - Batch processes are often used in chemical and...Ch. 3 - Consider a thin electrical heater attached to a...Ch. 3 - An electronic device, such as a power transistor...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.161PCh. 3 - In a material processing experiment conducted...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.165PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.166PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.167PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.168PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.173PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.174PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.175PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.176PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.177P
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A piece of chromium steel of length 7.4 cm (density = 8780 kg/m^3; k = 50 w/mK and specific heat cp = 440j/kgK with mass 1.27 kg is rolled into a solid cylinder and heated to a temperature of 600 deg C and quenched in oil at 36 deg C. Show that the lumped capacitance system analysis is applicable and find the temperature of the cylinder after 4 min. What is the total heat transfer during the period? You may take the convective heat transfer coefficient between the oil and cylinder at 280 w/m^2 k.arrow_forwardA cylindrical electrical heating element is used to heat up a baking oven. The heating element bears a voltage of 120 V/m, and has an electrical resistance of 1000 Ω/m. A ceramic pipe of inside radius rin = 2 mm, and outside radius rout = 5 mm encases the heating element. Thermal conductivity of the ceramic is k = 0.2 W/m-K. Given that the oven air temperature is T∞ = 180oC and convection coefficient h = 10 W/m2-K, find the temperature on the inside of the ceramic pipe.arrow_forwardA coil-shaped cooling pipe is made of SS-304 material. This pipe is 1 ft long, 0.4 inch outside diameter, and inch inside diameter. This coil cooling pipe is used to cool the water in the bath. The temperature of the inner coil pipe is 40oF while the outer coil in contact with water is 80oF. The thermal conductivity of SS-304 is a function of temperature where k(T) = 7.75 + (7.78 x 10-3).T where k is in Btu/h.ft.oF and T is in oF. Calculate the rate of heat dissipation in watts! (1287.7)arrow_forward
- How long should it take to boil an egg? Model the egg as a sphere with radius of 2.3 cm that has properties similar to water with a density of = 1000 kg/m3 and thermal conductivity of k = 0.606 Watts/(mC) and specific heat of c = 4182 J/(kg C). Suppose that an egg is fully cooked when the temperature at the center reaches 70 C. Initially the egg is taken out of the fridge at 4 C and placed in the boiling water at 100 C. Since the egg shell is very thin assume that it quickly reaches a temperature of 100 C. The protein in the egg effectively immobilizes the water so the heat conduction is purely conduction (no convection). Plot the temperature of the egg over time and use the data tooltip in MATLAB to make your conclusion on the time it takes to cook the egg in minutes.arrow_forwardIn a certain experiment, cylindrical samples of diameter 4 cm and length 7 cm are used, as shown in Figure 5 below. The two thermocouples in each sample are placed 3 cm apart. After initial transients, the electric heater is observed to draw 0.6 A at 110 V, and both differential thermometers read a temperature difference of 8°C. Determine the thermal conductivity of the sample. Cooling fluid Thermo couple Sample L = 3 cml }AT; 7 cm 4 сm a a Resistance heater L= 3 cm[ }AT, Sample Insulation -Cooling fluid Figure 5arrow_forward5. Consider a carton of milk that is refrigerated at a temperature of Tm = 5 °C. The kitchen temperature on a hot summer day is T- -30 °C. If the four sides of the carton are of height and width L = 200 mm and w= 100 mm, respectively, determine the heat transferred to the milk carton as it sits on the kitchen counter for durations of t=10 s, 60 s, and 300 s before it is returned to the refrigerator. The convection coefficient associated with natural convection on the sides of the carton is h = 10 W/m²K. The surface emissivity is 0.90. Assume the milk carton temperature remains at 5 °C during the process. Your parents have taught you the importance of refrigerating certain foods from the food safety perspective. Comment on the importance of quickly returning the milk carton to the refrigerator from an energy conservation point of view.arrow_forward
- Steam at 350 °C flows through the stainless steel pipe with k=26 W/m.°C. The inner and outer diameters of the stainless steel pipe are 6.0 cm and 7.0 cm, respectively. The pipe is insulated from the outside with a 4.0 cm thick glass wool (k= 0.038 W/m.°C) and then a 3.0 cm thick k=0.25 W/m.K material. The insulated pipe is in the environment at 20 °C. The heat loss from the pipe occurs only by [natural convection+radiation]. Film heat transfer coefficient including the effects of [natural convection+radiation] in the insulated pipe is 30 W/m². is C. Calculate the heat transferred per unit pipe length since the film heat transfer coefficient defined according to the inner area of the pipe is 110 W/m².°C.arrow_forwardA cylindrical reactor made of copper with a radius of a= r=5mm has a heat conduction coefficient of k=386 W/moC, and there is heat generation at e ̇= (q ) ̇= 4x10^8 W/m3 inside this reactor. The cylindrical reactor convection heat transfer coefficient is h=2000 W/m0C and 〖T_(ambient= ) T〗_∞= 30 oC by convection, it cools down from the reactor surface to the center. According to the given boundary conditions a)Find the reactor surface temperature and the temperature T(a) at r=a. (VARIABLES: r=1-10mm, T_∞= 0-100oC) b) q(a) =((q ) ̇ * a )/ 2 = (e ̇ * a )/ 2 then find the heat flux amount in kW/m2arrow_forwardA body is removed from a confined space where the temperature is 70°C and is taken outside, where the air temperature is 10°C. After one-half minute, the body's temperature is read as 50°C. How long will it take for the body's temperature to reach 15°C? What is the value of the proportionality constant?arrow_forward
- A rectangular nylon [E = 8 GPa; v = 0.35; a = 34 x 10-6/°C] plate has a circular hole in its center. At an initial temperature of T; = 17°C, the plate width is b = 320 mm, the plate height is h = 200 mm, the diameter of the central hole is d = 50 mm, and the thickness of the plate is t = 24 mm. At a final temperature of T₁= 51°C, determine (a) the diameter d of the central hole. (b) the thickness t of the plate. d h Answers: (a) df = i (b) t+= i b mm mmarrow_forward5. A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 inches is insulated with 2 inches layer of asbestos (k = 0.396 Btu- in/hr-ft²-°F), followed by a layer of cork 1.5 inches thick (k = 0.30 Btu-in/hr-ft²-°F). If the temperature at the inner surface of the pipe is 290°F and at the outer surface of the cork is 90°F, calculate the heat loss per 100 ft of insulated pipe. (Btu/hr)arrow_forwardConduction 1. A thermodynamic analysis of a proposed Brayton cycle gas turbine yields P= 5 MW of net power production. The compressor, at an average temperature of T. = 400°C, is driven by the turbine at an average temperature of T₁ = 1000°C by way of an L = 1m-long, d= 70mm - diameter shaft of thermal conductivity k = 40 W/m K. Compressor min T Combustion chamber Shaft L Turbine Th out (a) Compare the steady-state conduction rate through the shaft connecting the hot turbine to the warm compressor to the net power predicted by the thermodynamics- based analysis. (b) A research team proposes to scale down the gas turbine of part (a), keeping all dimensions in the same proportions. The team assumes that the same hot and cold temperatures exist as in part (a) and that the net power output of the gas turbine is proportional to the overall volume of the device. Plot the ratio of the conduction through the shaft to the net power output of the turbine over the range 0.005 m s Ls 1 m. Is a…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Heat Transfer – Conduction, Convection and Radiation; Author: NG Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Me60Ti0E_rY;License: Standard youtube license