Principles of Biology
Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 38, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Hormones are the chemical messengers which are secreted into the blood by the glands present in our body. They are transported to the target organs via circulatory system. They help in development of growth, metabolism of food, control our mood, and maintain body temperature. The hormones are of two types, hydrophilic hormones, which are water soluble hormones, and hydrophobic hormones, which are non-soluble in water.

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What hormone is released from the parathyroid glands? What is the function? What are the effects of the parathyroid gland on the bones; kidney and intestines Know the functions of aldosterone shown in figure 16.14 and Table 16.4 What stimulates aldosterone release? What does it do to the kidney? What does it do to blood sodium and fluid levels? What is the function of cortisol? What are its target organs and effects? What is cushing disease disease? What is addisons disease? Epinephrine and norepinephrine What stimulates its release What are its target organs and effects? What happens if there is hypersecretion? Know figure 16.16 What hormones causes the short term stress response? What occurs in the body in the short term stress response? What hormones causes the long term stress response? What occurs in the body in the short term stress response? Know figure 16.18 What is the function of insulin? What cells release it? What is the function of glucagon? What cells…
Match the hormones to their major sites of synthesis. androgens cortisol Capsule aldosterone epinephrine Zona estrogens vitamin D3 glomerulosa prostaglandin dopamine FSH melatonin Zona fasciculata Cortex Zona reticularis Medulla Adrenal medulla,
Match the following hormones with their actions: ACTH epinephrine testosterone ADH estradiol thyroxine aldosterone insulin cortisol parathyroid hormone 1. sympathomimetic; elevates heart rate, blood pressure 2. promotes growth and maintenance of male sex characteristics 3. stimulates water reabsorption by kidney tubules; decreases urine 4. increases metabolism in body cells 5. raises blood calcium 6. increases reabsorption of sodium by kidney tubules 7. stimulates secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex 8. increases blood sugar_ 9. helps transport glucose to cells and decreases blood sugar 10. develops and maintains female sex characteristics __ Give the meanings for the following conditions: 11. hyponatremia - 12. polydipsia - 13. glycosuria - 14. euthyroid- Give the meanings for the following terms related to diabetes mellitus: 15. DM type 1 - 16. diabetic neuropathy - 17. ketoacidosis - 18. DM type 2-
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