Energy diagrams are used to depict graphically the energy changes that occur during a reaction. The vertical axis of the diagram represents the energy of all the reactants and the horizontal axis, called reaction coordinate, represents the progress of the reaction from beginning to end. The reactants are shown in left and the products in the right. The transition state represents the highest energy structure involved in the particular step reaction. The overall ΔG # is the energy difference between the reactants and highest transition state and overall ΔG 0 is the free energy difference between the reactants and products. Every step in a reaction has a separate energy diagram. To draw: An energy diagram for a two-step reaction with K eq > 1. In the diagram the overall ΔG 0 , transition states, and intermediate are to be labeled. Whether the reaction has a positive or negative ΔG 0 is also to be stated.

Question

7. The reaction of methoxide anion with bromoethane to yield the ether ethyl methyl ether and the bromide anon (Br-) is an excellent example of a general reaction type called Sy2 (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular): CH,0+ CH,СH-Br a CH3-0-CH,СH; + Br- a. Change in enthalpy is -103 kJ/mol; the change in entropy is + 0.025 kJ/mol-K. Calculate DG at 300K. b. Is the reaction endergonic or exergonic? c. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? d. Use curved arrows to show the complete mechanism. Reaction of 2-methyl-1-butene with H-Cl could yield TWO alkyl chloride products. Draw and name 8. them.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6.SE, Problem 21EDRM

Interpretation Introduction

Concept introduction:

Energy diagrams are used to depict graphically the energy changes that occur during a reaction. The vertical axis of the diagram represents the energy of all the reactants and the horizontal axis, called reaction coordinate, represents the progress of the reaction from beginning to end. The reactants are shown in left and the products in the right. The transition state represents the highest energy structure involved in the particular step reaction. The overall ΔG^# is the energy difference between the reactants and highest transition state and overall ΔG⁰ is the free energy difference between the reactants and products. Every step in a reaction has a separate energy diagram.

To draw:

An energy diagram for a two-step reaction with K_eq > 1. In the diagram the overall ΔG⁰, transition states, and intermediate are to be labeled. Whether the reaction has a positive or negative ΔG⁰ is also to be stated.

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