Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 7, Problem 13Q
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The enzymes are termed as biological catalysts because almost all the reactions in the body are controlled by enzymes. There are different types of enzymes and all the enzymes are not needed every time. The production and activation of enzymes depend on numerous factors.
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Inactive precursors to enzymes are called:
a. Zymogen
b. Apoenzyme
c. Cofactor
d. Isozymes
Penicillin functions by inhibiting an enzyme, transpeptidase, that catalyzes the last step in the bacteria's metabolism which synthesises bacterial the cell-wall.
Why does inhibition of this enzyme make Penicilin such an effective medicine in humans, with so few side effects?
A. Inhibiting enzymes like this always slows the metabolism of an organism.
B. The enzyme is not inhibited in humans because we have resistance to the penicillin.
C. The enzyme is part of an essential pathway in the bacteria, which does not exist in humans.
D. Inhibiting the enzymes stops respiration in the bacteria, killing quickly.
The process that occurs in the mitochondria is
A. anaerobic
B. anabolism
C. aerobic
D. catabolism
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 7.1 - Describe the relationship among metabolism,...Ch. 7.1 - Fully describe the structure and function of...Ch. 7.1 - Differentiate between constitutive and regulated...Ch. 7.1 - Diagram four major patterns of metabolic pathways.Ch. 7.1 - Describe how enzymes are controlled.Ch. 7.1 - NCLEX PREP 2. An enzyme that catalyzes starch is...Ch. 7.2 - Name the chemical in which energy is stored in...Ch. 7.2 - Create a general diagram of a redox reaction.Ch. 7.2 - Identify electron carriers used by cells.Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3NP
Ch. 7.3 - Name the three main catabolic pathways and the...Ch. 7.3 - Construct a paragraph summarizing glycolysis.Ch. 7.3 - Describe the Krebs cycle, with emphasis on what...Ch. 7.3 - Discuss the significance of the electron transport...Ch. 7.3 - State two ways in which anaerobic respiration...Ch. 7.3 - Summarize the steps of microbial fermentation, and...Ch. 7.3 - Describe how noncarbohydrate compounds are...Ch. 7.3 - Q. From this information, can you identify another...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 7.4 - Define amphibolism.Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2MMCh. 7 - NCLEX PREP 1. Which of the following is/are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QCh. 7 - Prob. 2QCh. 7 - Prob. 3QCh. 7 - Prob. 4QCh. 7 - Prob. 5QCh. 7 - Prob. 6QCh. 7 - Prob. 7QCh. 7 - Prob. 8QCh. 7 - Prob. 9QCh. 7 - Prob. 10QCh. 7 - Prob. 11QCh. 7 - Prob. 12QCh. 7 - Prob. 13QCh. 7 - Prob. 14QCh. 7 - Prob. 15QCh. 7 - Prob. 16QCh. 7 - Defend this statement: Microbes (and their...Ch. 7 - Prob. 18QCh. 7 - Prob. 19QCh. 7 - Prob. 20QCh. 7 - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a lab...Ch. 7 - From chapter 3, figure 3.15. On these depictions...
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- Define the following terms:a. anaerobic organismb. aerobic organismc. aerobic respirationd. aldol cleavagee. substrate-level phosphorylationarrow_forwardThe correct enzyme involved in synthesizing atp from adp is: a. Kinase b. Protease c. Phosphorylasearrow_forwardWhat is it called when the final product of an enzymatic pathway acts as a modulator for the first enzyme in the pathway? a. isoenzyme activation b. relative specificity c. feed back inhibition d. competitive inhibitionarrow_forward
- Most enzymes are made up of proteins and therefore may be inactivated by A. changes in temperature B. changes in pH C. salt concentration D. all of the abovearrow_forwardThe enzyme that converts 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate is a A. transferase. B. kinase. C. mutase. D. phosphorylase.arrow_forwardWhy is an enzyme considered "specific"? A. Only one type of enzyme is found in our bodies B. Only certain enzymes can pass through the cell membrane C. Its active site must match the substrate to do its job D. The enzyme can only move from high to low concentrationarrow_forward
- The conversion of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and molecular oxygen is catalyzed by catalase. To which of the following enzyme categories does it belong? a. hydroxylase b. lyase c. oxidoreducase d. transferasearrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. metabolic pathwayb. anabolic pathwayc. catabolic pathwayd. glycolysise. signal transduction pathwayarrow_forwardIn order to inactivate enzymes involved in cancer, chemists at pharmaceutical companies search for _______ that would ____ the enzyme’s active site. Select one: a. elements, bind to b. molecules, bind to c. elements, repel d. molecules, repelarrow_forward
- The Na+/K+/ATPase is... A. An amino acid B. A protein C. An ion D. An organellearrow_forwardChemotrophic energy metabolism is a catabolic and exergonic process that produces ATP from oxidizing molecules. Which among the following is not an energy source of chemotrophic energy metabolism? A. Iron B. Photons C. Carbohydrates D. Proteinsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about how enzymes work in the cell? A. Enzymes are consumed in the process of converting one molecule to another. B. Enzymes are needed to carry out only endergonic reactions. C. Enzymes are needed in the cell to increase the rate of a chemical reaction. D. Enzymes eliminate the activation barrier.arrow_forward
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