The π → π * Transition needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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9. Determine the transition which mainly occurred in IR analysis. A. Electronic transition only B. Rotational and vibrational transitions C. Rotational only D. Electron spinning only 10. The vibrational CO₂ is IR active when A. B. C. D. Asymmetric stretching Symmetric stretching Semi stretching None stretching

Why must solutions with high concentrations be diluted prior to analysis via Beer's Law? A. The relationship between absorbance and concentration is not linear at high concentrations. B. The detector will reach its detection threshold. C. The photon source is too weak to provide accurate results. D. There is no need to work with dilute concentrations; any concentrations will work. E. The molar absorptivity of a compound is dependent on its concentration.

Which is TRUE for spectroscopy of a mixture? A. The absorbance for a mixture at a particular wavelength is the sum of the absorbances for the components that absorb at the particular wavelength. B. Spectrophotometers can differentiate between mixture components that absorb at the same wavelength. C. Each component in a mixture has the same molar absorptivity at the same wavelength. D. The concentration for each component in a mixture is easily calculated by least squares for guesses of each component when the individual spectra are well resolved.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

Answer 6

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Answer 7

Chapter 8.4, Problem 1E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

Answer 22

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Answer 23

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Answer 24

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Answer 25

Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 3E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 4E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 5E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 6E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 7E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 8E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 9E Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 10E

The π → π * Transition needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Solution Summary: The author explains the concept of a conjugated system, wherein the alternate pi bonds, delocalizes the electron cloud.

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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Chapter 8 Solutions

The π → π * Transition needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Solution Summary: The author explains the concept of a conjugated system, wherein the alternate pi bonds, delocalizes the electron cloud.

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined. Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Interpretation: The π→π* Transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When transition of electrons happens, there is a certain amount of change in energy levels, associated with it, and this provides more information about the molecular structure and its properties.

Interpretation: The I0 needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The magnitude of photoelectric current increases when there is an increase in the intensity of incident radiation.

Interpretation: The Conjugated π - System needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: A conjugated system generally decreases the energy level of a molecule, thus increasing its stability.

Interpretation: The Chromophore needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: Chromophore is a group of chemicals, that provides color for a molecule by way of absorption of light at a particular frequency.

Interpretation: The Visible Spectrum needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The visible spectrum helps in the study of the universe and earth.

Interpretation: The Cut-Off point of a solvent needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: All light is absorbed by the solvent, below the cut-off point of the solvent.

Interpretation: The Electronic transition needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: When the energy of an electron gets transferred from one energy level to another energy level, then it is called electronic transition.

Interpretation: The absorbance needs to be defined.

Concept Introduction: The light absorbing capacity of a substance is called absorbance. The incident light has a specified wave length.