Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 19, Problem 26Q
To determine
The difference between Population I and Population II stars and the reason behind the consideration of the fact that one Population is the children of the other.
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Consider the Milky Way disk, which has a 50 kpc diameter and a total height of 600 pc. Suppose
that the Sun orbits precisely at the mid-plane of the disk in a circular orbit. Supernovae explosions
happen randomly throughout the disk at a rate of about 2 per 100 years. Consider a spherical
region around the Sun with a radius of 300 pc. Ignore the Milky Way bulge and halo in this
problem; assume the Milky Way disk is perfectly uniform and extends all the way through the
region of the bulge. (I.e., the Milky Way is modeled *only* as a cylindrical disk--like a hockey puck--
with constant density throughout.)
If a particular supernova goes off at a random location within the disk, what is the probability that it
went off in the 300 pc radius spherical region near the Sun? Express your probability as a
percentage (but without writing the percent sign).
[Hint: there is a 100% probability that the supernova went off somewhere in the volume of the Milky
Way disk; there is a 50% probability that…
Imagine that you are observing the light from a distant star that is located in a galaxy 100 million lightyears
away from you. By analysis of the starlight received, you are able to tell that the image we see is of a 10-
million-year-old star. You are also able to predict that the star will have a total lifetime of 50 million years, at
which point it will end in a catastrophic supernova.
a) How old does the star appear to be to us here on Earth now?
b) How long will it be before we receive the light from the supernova event?
c) Has the supernova already occurred? If so, when did it occur?
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
Cosmic background
data from COBE
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.5
10
Wavelength A in mm
c)
Background (CMB) undertaken by the COBE satellite. Use this diagram to estimate the
current temperature of the CMB. Based on your estimate, what would the temperature of
the CMB have been at a redshift of z = 5000?
The left hand diagram above shows the results from observations of the Cosmic Microwave
Radiated Intensity per Unit Wavelength
(16° Watts/m per mm)
Chapter 19 Solutions
Universe
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Ch. 19 - Prob. 11CCCh. 19 - Prob. 12CCCh. 19 - Prob. 13CCCh. 19 - Prob. 14CCCh. 19 - Prob. 15CCCh. 19 - Prob. 1QCh. 19 - Prob. 2QCh. 19 - Prob. 3QCh. 19 - Prob. 4QCh. 19 - Prob. 5QCh. 19 - Prob. 6QCh. 19 - Prob. 7QCh. 19 - Prob. 8QCh. 19 - Prob. 9QCh. 19 - Prob. 10QCh. 19 - Prob. 11QCh. 19 - Prob. 12QCh. 19 - Prob. 13QCh. 19 - Prob. 14QCh. 19 - Prob. 15QCh. 19 - Prob. 16QCh. 19 - Prob. 17QCh. 19 - Prob. 18QCh. 19 - Prob. 19QCh. 19 - Prob. 20QCh. 19 - Prob. 21QCh. 19 - Prob. 22QCh. 19 - Prob. 23QCh. 19 - Prob. 24QCh. 19 - Prob. 25QCh. 19 - Prob. 26QCh. 19 - Prob. 27QCh. 19 - Prob. 28QCh. 19 - Prob. 29QCh. 19 - Prob. 30QCh. 19 - Prob. 31QCh. 19 - Prob. 32QCh. 19 - Prob. 33QCh. 19 - Prob. 34QCh. 19 - Prob. 35QCh. 19 - Prob. 36QCh. 19 - Prob. 37QCh. 19 - Prob. 38QCh. 19 - Prob. 39QCh. 19 - Prob. 40QCh. 19 - Prob. 41QCh. 19 - Prob. 42QCh. 19 - Prob. 43QCh. 19 - Prob. 44QCh. 19 - Prob. 45QCh. 19 - Prob. 46QCh. 19 - Prob. 47QCh. 19 - Prob. 48QCh. 19 - Prob. 49QCh. 19 - Prob. 50QCh. 19 - Prob. 51QCh. 19 - Prob. 52QCh. 19 - Prob. 53QCh. 19 - Prob. 61Q
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