Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 9.5, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The process of DNA (Deoxyribose
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following best explains the leading daughter DNA strand?
The leading strand is synthesized by the enzyme primase.
It is polymerized discontinuously by DNA polymerase from 5' - 3' direction which leaves gaps knowns as Okazaki fragments.
The gaps within the leading strand are sealed by DNA ligase.
It is polymerized continuously by DNA polymerase from 5' - 3' direction.
Which of the following are major differences between DNA and RNA polymerases?
RNA polymerase, but not DNA polymerase, requires a primer to begin synthesizing the nucleic acid polymer
DNA polymerase, but not RNA polymerase, requires a primer to begin synthesizing the nucleic acid polymer
RNA polymerase, but not DNA polymerase, is unique to eukaryotic cells
DNA polymerase, but not RNA polymerase, is unique to eukaryotic cells
DNA polymerase is involved in replication; RNA polymerase is involved in transcription
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During DNA replication, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the:
3' end of the newly synthesized strand as it moves toward the 3' end of the template strand
3' end of the newly synthesized strand as it moves toward the 5'end of the template strand
5' end of the newly synthesized strand as it moves toward the 5' end of the template strand
5' end of the newly synthesized strand as it moves toward the 3' end of the template strand
none of the above
0 0 0 0 0
Chapter 9 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 9.1 - Look ahead to Figure 17.10. How does bacterial...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.2 - A nucleotide composed of deoxyribose, phosphate,...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 9.2 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 9.3 - To determine the structure of DNA, Watson and...
Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 9.4 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 9.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 9.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 9.5 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 9.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.6 - A nucleosome is composed of 146 bp or 147 bp of...Ch. 9.6 - After they have replicated and become compacted in...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 9.6 - Which of the following is the correct order for...Ch. 9 - What is/are the main component(s) of chromosomes?...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYCh. 9 - Of the following statements, which is correct when...Ch. 9 - Prob. 6TYCh. 9 - Prob. 7TYCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYCh. 9 - The conversion of euchromatin into heterochromatin...Ch. 9 - What are the four criteria that the genetic...Ch. 9 - What are the key features of DNA that allow it to...Ch. 9 - PRINCIPLES A principle of bioloy is that structure...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 9 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- How does DNA replication occur in a precise manner to ensure that identical genetic information is put into the new chromatid? See Figures 8.12 and 8.13. FIGURE 8.12 In DNA replication, the two polynucleotide strands uncoil, and each is a template for synthesizing a new strand. A replicated DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old strand. This mechanism is called semiconservative replication. FIGURE 8.13 A close-up look at the process of DNA replication. (a) As the strands uncoil, bases are added to the newly synthesized strand by complementary base pairing with bases in the template strand. The new bases are linked together by DNA polymerase. (b) DNA synthesis can proceed only in the 5 3 direction; newly synthesized DNA on one template strand is made in short segments and linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE? Synthesis of the lagging strand requires more DNA helicase enzymes than synthesis of the leading strand. The lagging strand is synthesized in a semiconservative fashion while the leading strand is synthesized in a conservative fashion. The leading strand is replicated continuously for the entire length of the chromosome, e.g. while the lagging strand has multiple origins of replication The lagging strand has a higher mutation rate than the leading strand. None of the answers are true.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about DNA replication is correct? Group of answer choices the leading strand is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously on the leading strand, the new nucleotides are added only to the 5' end of the nucleotide chain on the lagging strand, the new nucleotides are added only to the 5' end of the nucleotide chain DNA polymerase works from 3'--> 5' onlyarrow_forward
- What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? There are different DNA polymerases involved in elongation of the leading strand and the lagging strand. The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' → 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' → 3' direction. The leading strand requires an RNA primer, whereas the lagging strand does not. The leading strand is synthesized in the 3' → 5' direction in a discontinuous fashion, while the lagging strand is synthesized in the 5' → 3' direction in a continuous fashion.arrow_forwardDNA polymerase IIl sometimes makes a mistake during replication and builds the wrong nucleotide into the newly synthesized DNA strand. Most of these mistakes are corrected by the proof reading function of DNA polymerase III. Some mistakes are missed and need to be repaired. In terms of purines and pyrimidines, there are two possible types of mistakes. The first one is called a transition. A transition is where the incorrect pyrimidine is built into the growing strand instead of the correct pyrimidine. The same applies for the purines. When a purine is built into the new strand instead of a pyrimidine, or vice versa, it is called a transversion. If a transition or transversion is not detected by DNA polymerase III, the resulting mutation permanently changes the DNA sequence. Both of these types of mutations are rare. However, 1. transition mutations are more frequent than transversion mutations. a. Based on your knowledge of the structure of purines and pyrimidines, propose an…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct about the function of DNA Ligase? DNA ligase is used on the leading strand and it joins any disconnected strand together O DNA ligase is used on the lagging strand which helps in joining fragments of the strand together O DNA ligase is used on the lagging strand and it aids in correcting mistakes on this specific strand O DNA ligase is used to maintain the replication fork structurearrow_forward
- What is the function of DNA primase in DNA replication? to insert new bases during elongation, using the parent strand as a template to anneal (splice) smaller fragments of DNA to create one continuous strand to create an RNA primer to initiate DNA replication to create replication bubbles by unravelling the parental strands of DNA all of the abovearrow_forwardDNA polymerase IIl sometimes makes a mistake during replication and builds the wrong nucleotide into the newly synthesized DNA strand. Most of these mistakes are corrected by the proof reading function of DNA polymerase III. Some mistakes are missed and need to be repaired. In terms of purines and pyrimidines, there are two possible types of mistakes. The first one is called a transition. A transition is where the incorrect pyrimidine is built into the growing strand instead of the correct pyrimidine. The same applies for the purines. When a purine is built into the new strand instead of a pyrimidine, or vice versa, it is called a transversion. If a transition or transversion is not detected by DNA polymerase II, the resulting mutation permanently changes the DNA sequence. Both of these types of mutations are rare. However, transition mutations are more frequent than transversion mutations. 1. a. Based on your knowledge of the structure of purines and pyrimidines, propose an…arrow_forwardDNA replication occurs by adding (Note: NTPS = nucleotide triphosphates; dNTPs = deoxynucleotide triphosphates) DNTPS to the 3' end of the template strand NTPS to the 3' end of the daughter strand DNTPS to the 3' end of the daughter strand DNTPS to the 5' end of the template strand NTPS to the 5' end of the daughter strandarrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of primers that are used in DNA replication? They are made out of ribonucleotides with a possibility of having a thymidine base. They are made out of ribonucleotides with a possibility of having a uracil base. They are made out of deoxyribonucleotides with a possibility of having a thymine base. They must be made up of proteins.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most correctly describes a process that occurs during DNA replication? Group of answer choices Replication of the lagging strand occurs in the 5' → 3' direction—the leading strand in the 3' → 5' direction. Replication is continuous on the lagging strand and discontinuous on the leading strand. Okazaki fragments are DNA fragments synthesized on the lagging strand. DNA polymerase adds dNTP monomers in the 3′–5′ direction. Replication is continuous on the lagging strand and discontinuous on the leading strand.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE of BOTH DNA replication and DNA transcription? During the process, the DNA double helix is separated into single-stranded regions. An intermediate in the process is an RNA-DNA hybrid helix. During the process, only one single-stranded DNA region acts as a template. Amino acids are matched to a strand of DNA to form a new polymer.arrow_forward
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